Apoptosis in health and diseases of the eye and brain

Abdulhussein, Dalia; Kanda, Mumta; Aamir, Abdullah; Manzar, Haider; Yap, Timothy E.; Cordeiro, M. Francesca

doi:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.008

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Numerous studies have shown that miR-21 plays important roles in the occurrence and development of various diseases (Chen et al, 2021;Olivieri et al, 2021;Surina et al, 2021). Apoptosis is a spontaneous programmed cell death that is regulated by multiple genes as a mechanism of adaptation to environmental changes (Abdulhussein et al, 2021). Abnormal changes in apoptosis can lead to some diseases, including CNS disorders (Kano et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-21 Is a Versatile Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Central Nervous System Disorders

Bai

Bian

2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs with a length of approximately 22 nucleotides that are found in eukaryotes. miRNAs are involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and metabolism by regulating the expression of their target genes. Emerging studies have suggested that various miRNAs play key roles in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and may be viable therapeutic targets. In particular, miR-21 has prominently emerged as a focus of increasing research on the mechanisms of its involvement in CNS disorders. Herein, we reviewed recent studies on the critical roles of miR-21, including its dysregulated expression and target genes, in the regulation of pathophysiological processes of CNS disorders, with a special focus on apoptosis and inflammation. Collectively, miR-21 is a versatile regulator in the progression of CNS disorders and could be a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for these diseases. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms by which miR-21 affects the pathogenesis of CNS disorders could pave the way for miR-21 to serve as a therapeutic target for these conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-21 Is a Versatile Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Central Nervous System Disorders

Bai

Bian

2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…The intrinsic pathway is intricately controlled by mitochondrial function and the BCL-2 family of proteins through a nonreceptor mechanism. 15 In our previous research, we have observed a reduced Bcl2/Bax ratio in UVB-induced apoptosis of HLECs, indicating the significant involvement of these proteins in the development of cataracts. 16 Consequently, the UVB irradiation technique has gained widespread utilization for both in vivo and in vitro modeling of ARC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Apoptosis has been classified into distinct pathways, namely intrinsic, extrinsic, T‐cell mediated, and execution pathways. The intrinsic pathway is intricately controlled by mitochondrial function and the BCL‐2 family of proteins through a non‐receptor mechanism 15 . In our previous research, we have observed a reduced Bcl2/Bax ratio in UVB‐induced apoptosis of HLECs, indicating the significant involvement of these proteins in the development of cataracts 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A role for YAP/FOXM1/Nrf2 axis in oxidative stress and apoptosis of cataract induced by UVB irradiation

Hong,

Sun,

Ainiwaer

et al. 2024

The FASEB Journal

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This study aims to investigate the hypothesis that Yes‐associated protein (YAP) significantly regulates antioxidant potential and anti‐apoptosis in UVB‐induced cataract by exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms. To investigate the association between YAP and cataract, various experimental techniques were employed, including cell viability assessment, Annexin V FITC/PI assay, measurement of ROS production, RT‐PCR, Western blot assay, and Immunoprecipitation. UVB exposure on human lens epithelium cells (HLECs) reduced total and nuclear YAP protein expression, increased cleaved/pro‐caspase 3 ratios, decreased cell viability, and elevated ROS levels compared to controls. Similar Western blot results were observed in in vivo experiments involving UVB‐treated mice. YAP knockdown in vitro demonstrated a decrease in the protein expression of FOXM1, Nrf2, and HO‐1, which correlated with the mRNA expression, accompanied by an increase in cell apoptosis, caspase 3 activation, and the release of ROS. Conversely, YAP overexpression mitigated these effects induced by UVB irradiation. Immunoprecipitation revealed a FOXM1‐YAP interaction. Notably, inhibiting FOXM1 decreased Nrf2 and HO‐1, activating caspase 3. Additionally, administering the ROS inhibitor N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) effectively mitigated the apoptotic effects induced by oxidative stress from UVB irradiation, rescuing the protein expression levels of YAP, FOXM1, Nrf2, and HO‐1. The initial findings of our study demonstrate the existence of a feedback loop involving YAP, FOXM1, Nrf2, and ROS that significantly influences the cell apoptosis in HLECs under UVB‐induced oxidative stress.

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“…Apoptosis plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis during normal development and aging [27] . In type I programmed apoptosis, cells exhibit obvious characteristic changes, cell contracture after the nucleus, cytoplasmic fragmentation, and cell membrane blistering; finally, the formed apoptotic bodies are phagocytosed [28] . The Bcl-2 family of genes is mainly located in the mitochondrial membrane of cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celastrol promotes apoptosis of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by targeting HSDL2

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine

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Objective: Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Tripterygium wilfordii. This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the rational development and use of celastrol in breast cancer. Methods: A quantitative chemical biology approach was used to investigate the protein targets and molecular mechanisms of celastrol in breast cancer cells. Results: Low-concentration celastrol exerted an anti-tumor effect by directly binding to hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like 2 (HSDL2) and inhibiting its expression. Moreover, the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein, BaX, increased, the level of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, decreased, and the rate of apoptosis increased. After the transfection of cells with si-HSDL2, the apoptosis rate was similar to that observed after the administration of celastrol. However, apoptosis was reversed by the overexpression of HSDL2. Furthermore, our MS (Mass Spectrometry) data indicated a relationship between HSDL2 and the MAPK signaling pathway. We also found that the expression of HSDL2 was directly related to the degree of ERK phosphorylation. Conclusions: Celastrol may promote apoptosis by suppressing the HSDL2/ MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

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Apoptosis in health and diseases of the eye and brain

Cited by 7 publications

References 124 publications

MicroRNA-21 Is a Versatile Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Central Nervous System Disorders

MicroRNA-21 Is a Versatile Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Central Nervous System Disorders

A role for YAP/FOXM1/Nrf2 axis in oxidative stress and apoptosis of cataract induced by UVB irradiation

Celastrol promotes apoptosis of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by targeting HSDL2

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