Apoptosis in selected liver diseases

Kiliçarslan, Alp; Kahraman, Alişan; Akkız, Hikmet; Menziletoğlu, Sule Yildiz; Fingas, Christain D; Gerken, G; Canbay, Ali

doi:10.4318/tjg.2009.0003

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is crucial when it becomes dysregulated in chronic hepatitis, such as in viral hepatitis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cholestatic processes, and Wilson’s disease (16-19). The increase of apoptotic cells results in cytokine secretion, leading to induction of inflammatory and fibrotic processes (Figure 1) (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase of apoptotic cells results in cytokine secretion, leading to induction of inflammatory and fibrotic processes (Figure 1) (6). Downstream from the cell-death receptor, the proteolytic cascade leads to activation of caspases 3, 6, and 7 (16, 20). The activation of caspases may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to cytochrome c release or direct cleavage (20, 21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of M30 in Predicting the Severity of Liver Fibrosis and Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLiver biopsy is an invasive procedure that is currently still necessary for predicting underlying hepatic injury related to chronic viral hepatitis B (CVHB). To date, none of the studied non-invasive methods have been able to replace liver biopsy. An apoptotic serum marker, M30, which has been reported to indicate ongoing liver fibrosis, has been popular in recent years.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the possible role of M30 in predicting CVHB-associated hepatic injury and its severity.MethodsForty-eight patients undergoing liver biopsy for evaluation of the severity of CVHB-related liver injury and 40 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. M30 levels were determined for all CVHB patients and controls, and other laboratory parameters and demographic features were obtained from our hospital’s database.ResultsThe mean ages of patients and controls were 39.7 and 45.7 years, respectively, and 35% of the controls and 52% of the patients were male. In contrast to lower platelet counts, transaminase and M30 levels were both higher in the patient group than in the controls. Among the investigated parameters, only transaminase increased as the fibrosis stage changed from mild to moderate; however, none of the laboratory parameters, including M30, differed as the histological activity index (HAI) score increased.ConclusionsM30 levels were higher in CVHB patients compared to healthy controls. However, M30 levels were similar in the mild and moderate stages of fibrosis, so they did not indicate the severity of underlying fibrotic or inflammatory processes in CVHB patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of M30 in Predicting the Severity of Liver Fibrosis and Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

et al. 2016

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“…The engaging of one of the ligands (FasL, TRAIL, or TNF-α) to the death receptors (Fas/CD95, TRAIL 1-2, or TNF R1), causes some conformational changes, leading initially to the activation of caspases 8 or 10. Subsequently, a proteolytic cascade starts to activate caspases 3, 6, and 7 (the effector caspases) via direct cleavage, or through the activation of Bcl-2 family protein Bid makes mitochondrial dysfunction to release cytochrome-c (caspase-activating factor) (1,9).…”

Section: The Link From Apoptosis To Hepatic Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dysregulated apoptosis (defective apoptosis, increased cell proliferation) has an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis (1). Not only hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but also other epithelial-originated cancers (breast cancer and head and neck cancer) and their risk of recurrence have been shown to be correlated with the apoptosis index (32).…”

Section: Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of M30, an apoptotic serum marker, in liver diseases

Altınbaş¹,

Başar²,

Yüksel³

2015

Turk J Med Sci

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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the role of apoptosis in some common liver diseases, and the utility of M30, an apoptotic serum marker, in the diagnosis of the severity of underlying hepatic injury. As is widely known, apoptosis is programmed cell death, and its deregulation results in an uncontrolled inflammatory process leading to upregulation of liver fibrogenesis. Both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are crucial in apoptosis, and caspase cleavage of cytokeratin proteins occurs in both. Therefore, the measurement of caspasecleaved cytokeratin fragments could be a novel method to assess the intensity of apoptotic cell numbers in epithelial tissue damage. M30 levels were found to increase not only in acute liver disorders, but also in some chronic liver injuries. We tried to summarize the recent studies focused on the role of apoptotic processes in liver diseases, mainly those that investigated the use of M30 in determining the severity of, or in predicting, ongoing liver injury.

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“…Apoptosis is a distinct form of cell death characterized by organized nuclear and cellular fragmentation that occurs in all organs and tissues. As in all other sites, a certain degree of hepatocyte apoptosis is characteristic of a healthy liver [3]. Indeed, in recent years it has become clear that development and progression of HCC are associated in particular with both defective apoptosis and increased cell proliferation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Receptor Small Heterodimer Partner in Apoptosis Signaling and Liver Cancer

Zhang

Wang

2011

Cancers

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Small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) is a unique orphan nuclear receptor that contains the dimerization and a putative ligand-binding domain, but lacks the conserved DNA binding domain. SHP exerts its physiological function as an inhibitor of gene transcription through physical interaction with multiple nuclear receptors and transcriptional factors. SHP is a critical transcriptional regulator affecting diverse biological functions, including bile acid, cholesterol and lipid metabolism, glucose and energy homeostasis, and reproductive biology. Recently, we and others have demonstrated that SHP is an epigenetically regulated transcriptional repressor that suppresses the development of liver cancer. In this review, we summarize recent major findings regarding the role of SHP in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA methylation, and discuss recent progress in understanding the function of SHP as a tumor suppressor in the development of liver cancer. Future study will be focused on identifying SHP associated novel prooncogenes and anti-oncogenes in liver cancer progression and applying the knowledge gained on SHP in liver cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

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Apoptosis in selected liver diseases

Cited by 8 publications

References 98 publications

The Role of M30 in Predicting the Severity of Liver Fibrosis and Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

The Role of M30 in Predicting the Severity of Liver Fibrosis and Inflammation in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

Utility of M30, an apoptotic serum marker, in liver diseases

Nuclear Receptor Small Heterodimer Partner in Apoptosis Signaling and Liver Cancer

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