Apoptosis of Tumor Cells Induced by Substances of the Circulatory System

Abstract

Despite global abnormalities of the immune system, such as in AIDS, the incidence of only a few kinds of tumor increases, and even in the development of these tumors the degree of immunosuppression seems not to be a critical factor. This means that the known immune system has no significant role in the tumor preventing mechanism. Thus, the fact that tumors do not develop in the majority of the population during their lifetime, indicates the existence of an additional defense mechanism of the immune system. We demonstrated previously that this defense is produced by the synergistic action of certain substances of the circulatory system. Here we report that the substances taking part in the defense induced, but only when they were used together, the apoptosis of tumor cells, but not normal cells, as was detected by different methods. Other substances of the circulatory system did not show similar effects. These results further support the existence of the mentioned defense mechanism called by us the Passive Antitumor Defense System.

Experimental Evidence for the Existence of the Passive Antitumor Defense System Formed by the Synergistic Action of Certain Small Substances of the Circulatory System

“…41 Finally, it was reported earlier that many substances of PADS, namely ascorbic acid, 56,57 arginine, 58 2-deoxy-D-ribose, 59 mannose, 60 orotic acid, 61 pyridoxine, 62 riboflavin, 63 and tyrosine, 64 had antitumor effect when they were used singly. Taking our experimental findings into account that the above substances, moreover, could increase the effect of each other on tumor cells synergistically, [37][38][39][40] the above observations about the effect of the same substances singly strongly support the existence of the PADS and corroborate our results.…”

“…L-ascorbate was highly toxic in vitro even when it was applied individually at a high concentration as its maximum concentration in the serum; therefore, we determined its nontoxic amount, and this was used in the maximal active mixture. The 2-deoxy-D-ribose, which was a component of active mixture in the previous experiments, [37][38][39][40] was omitted from the active mixture because we could not find data about its serum concentration in the special literature. The cells were counted when the untreated cells proliferated to approximately 5 3 10 5 .…”

“…The above results are consistent with our previous findings demonstrating that the active mixture induced the apoptosis of tumor cells. 39,40 If in this situation (Fig. 3E) in the living system, the concentration of substances of defense mechanism gets higher (e.g., due to nutrition or a preventive medicine containing the mentioned substances), then the equilibrium of death and division shifts to direction of death (to the direction of previous state as shown in the Fig.…”

“…It was also proved by different methods that active mixture induced apoptosis of tumor cells, but not normal cells. 39,40 We collected from the scientific literature much experimental data, epidemiological, and clinical observations that support our hypothesis about PADS. The collection of these data and observations have been published.…”

A mixture of amino acids and other small molecules present in the serum suppresses the growth of murine and human tumors in vivo

“…We have shown earlier that the AM, but not the individual components induced apoptosis of tumor cell lines 19. Here we showed that the AM is capable to inhibit the growth of a wide range of murine and human tumors, induces apoptosis of PC‐3 human prostate carcinoma cells in vitro , and increases the number of apoptotic cells in PC‐3 xenografts.…”