Applicability of microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES) for continuous monitoring of mercury in flue gases

Siemens, Volker; Harju, Tiina; Laitinen, Timo; Larjava, Kari; Broekaert, J. A. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00324286

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, plasma absorption at 253.65 nm has been ruled out for the case of mercury by the measurements presented here. Other researchers have also found that the addition of some compounds containing oxygen such as carbon dioxide and water vapor to an argon-nitrogen plasma decreases the mercury light intensity to a considerable extent 11 . Also, J.F.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Detection of Mercury in an Atmospheric Microwave Discharge

Hadidi

Woskov²,

Flores³

et al. 1999

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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We apply canonical Poisson-Lie T-duality transformations to bosonic open string worldsheet boundary conditions, showing that the form of these conditions is invariant at the classical level, and therefore they are compatible with Poisson-Lie T-duality. In particular the conditions for conformal invariance are automatically preserved, rendering also the dual model conformal. The boundary conditions are defined in terms of a gluing matrix which encodes the properties of D-branes, and we derive the duality map for this matrix. We demonstrate explicitly the implications of this map for D-branes in two non-Abelian Drinfel'd doubles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Detection of Mercury in an Atmospheric Microwave Discharge

Hadidi

Woskov²,

Flores³

et al. 1999

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…4 This complex has a lower symmetry than the free Hg atom, and due to broken symmetry groups, other relaxation processes of the excited Hg* now can take place. 6 Therefore, the amount of water vapor freed by decomposition of the binder as calculated above might be much higher than the minimum amount necessary for total UV emission loss. 4 For excitation of the fluorescent powder the 3 P 1 → 1 S 0 ͑253.65 nm͒ emission line of Hg* is most important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Blackening of argon/mercury cold cathode discharge lamps

Thielen¹,

Wassermann²

1996

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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Efficient excimer ultraviolet sources from a dielectric barrier discharge in raregas/halogen mixturesWe report about the physical and chemical origin of the quick loss of intensity of certain argon/ mercury cold cathode illumination tubes, especially those manually coated with luminous powder using the European powder technology. The reason is the disintegration of the phosphoric acid binder, which leads to the release of water vapor in the operating plasma tube. Subsequently formed mercury-water complexes lower the intensity of the UV emission of the Hg discharge in the 250 nm range, because the complexes decay radiationless into the ground state, thus, reducing the brightness of the fluorescent powder in the visible range substantially. If shut off, the respective tubes show a turn in color of the luminous powder coating from white to a light brown. We also found that the released water vapor causes heavy sputtering of the activated hollow-cathode-type nickel electrodes. Possible reasons for this are discussed, too.

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“…In practice, however, the monitoring of Hg 0 in gaseous samples is generally costly and challenging. The main approaches for the analysis of mercury species include cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CVAFS), 13,14 cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS), 15,16 microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES) 17 and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). 18 Commercially, CVAFS and CVAAS are most widely applied in continuous emission monitoring systems for mercury (CEMs) for mercury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential monitoring of elemental mercury in stack gas by dielectric barrier discharge micro-plasma emission spectrometry

Chen

Lin

et al. 2012

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Applicability of microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES) for continuous monitoring of mercury in flue gases

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Detection of Mercury in an Atmospheric Microwave Discharge

Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Detection of Mercury in an Atmospheric Microwave Discharge

Blackening of argon/mercury cold cathode discharge lamps

Sequential monitoring of elemental mercury in stack gas by dielectric barrier discharge micro-plasma emission spectrometry

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