“…the elements, [14,17] which together with the ability of clean material ablation [19][20][21][22] and high pulse-to-pulse reproducibility enable a laser ablation in a highly controlled manner. [4,17] So far, various LIMS systems have been designed and constructed specifically to investigate different scientific questions and for the application in variable environments, ranging from elemental mapping [8,23] to depth profiling analyses, [4,16] from laboratory [7,8,12,[14][15][16]24,25] instruments to instruments with the capability to operate on planetary objects. [17,[26][27][28][29][30][31] However, and to our best current knowledge, only the designs from the research groups of Huang, [8,14,15,24] Cui et al, [16] and Wurz, [4,13,17,23,32] have reached the measurement capabilities and performance comparable to the state-of-the-art measurement techniques for chemical analysis with high spatial resolution.…”