Application of a continuous‐flow centrifugation method for solute transport in disturbed, unsaturated sediments and illustration of mobile‐immobile water

Gamerdinger, A. P.; Kaplan, Daniel I.

doi:10.1029/2000wr900063

Cited by 47 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The equation and additional parameters are described in detail elsewhere [Gamerdinger and Kaplan, 2000]. Briefly, for the simplest case, there is a single flow domain; the retardation factor R defines the position of the BTC, or velocity of water relative to U(VI), and the Peclet number P defines hydrodynamic dispersion D. Physical heterogeneity arising from mobile (subscript m) and immobile (subscript im) water domains is described with a two-region transport model.…”

Section: Ideal and Two-region Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two‐region flow and rate‐limited sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in an unsaturated silt loam

Gamerdinger¹,

Kaplan²,

Wellman³

et al. 2001

Water Resources Research

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Abstract. Uranium (VI) sorption during unsaturated transport was evaluated using a centrifuge method; conventional saturated columns and batch incubation procedures were used to isolate flow effects on sorption processes. Uranium (VI) sorption was dependent on flow velocity, and modeling indicated that 60% of sorption was rate-limited. Breakthrough curves were described and independently predicted with a two-site model; the mass transfer coefficient for sorption was assumed to be linearly related to velocity. While two-region flow contributed to disparity in apparent K• values (linear distribution coefficient) at different water contents, the effect was explained by increased velocity in the mobile flow domain and not a decrease in availability of sorption sites. Hydrodynamic parameters for two-region transport, determined for a nonsorptive tracer at faster velocity (16 cm h-i), were fixed and described U(VI) transport at slower velocity (2 cm h-i). The rate-limited parameter for mass transfer between mobile and immobile water domains was linearly related to the average pore water velocity. Effective retardation factors varied with moisture saturation and the apparent K• value and ranged from 7 for faster velocity experiments in a saturated column to 44 at slow velocity and 40% moisture saturation.

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Section: Ideal and Two-region Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a continuum from a single to a multiregion flow domain. In our research we applied the more parameterized two-region model when (1) the Peclet number determined with the CDE was <2 and (2) the fraction of immobile water determined with the two-region model was > 10% [Gamerdinger and Kaplan, 2000 …”

Section: Ideal and Two-region Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐region flow and rate‐limited sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in an unsaturated silt loam

Gamerdinger¹,

Kaplan²,

Wellman³

et al. 2001

Water Resources Research

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“…Recent research on Hanford sediments illustrates an increase in the fraction of immobile water with decreasing water content (Gamerdinger and Kaplan 2000). Retardation due to sorption during unsaturated transport has not been widely investigated in systems with a significant fraction of immobile water.…”

Section: D341 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Investigation Report for Waste Management Area S-SX Volume 1 & 2 [SEC 1 Thru 6]

Knepp¹

2002

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“…During centrifugation compaction of the soil occurs, the effect being more significant for finer textures (Gamerdinger and Kaplan, 2000). In a recent study (Di Bonito, 2005) from an initial bulk density (ρ b ) of 0.67, a final ρ b of 1.01 g cm 3 was measured, therefore affecting the nominal pore distribution.…”

Section: Uses and Limitations For Soil Pore Water Extractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects

Bonito¹,

Breward²,

Crout³

et al. 2008

Environmental Geochemistry

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Chemical elements that are either present naturally in the soil or introduced by pollution are more usefully estimated in terms of 'availability' of the element, since it is this property that can be related to mobility and uptake by plants. A good estimation of 'availability' can be achieved by measuring the concentration of the element in soil pore water. Recent achievements in analytical techniques allowed to expand the range of interest to trace elements, which play a crucial role both in contaminated and uncontaminated soils and include those defined as potentially toxic elements (PTE) in environmental studies. A complete chemical analysis of soil pore water represents a powerful diagnostic tool for the interpretation of many soil chemical phenomena relating to soil fertility, mineralogy, and environmental fate. This chapter describes some of the current methodologies used to extract soil pore water. In particular, four laboratory-based methods, i) high speed centrifugation-filtration, (ii) low (negative-) pressure Rhizon™ samplers, (iii) high pressure soil squeezing and (iv) equilibration of dilute soil suspensions, are described and discussed in detail. A number of operational factors are presented: pressure applicable (i.e., pore size involved), moisture pre-requisites of the soil, pore water yielding, efficiency, duration of extraction, materials and possible contaminations for PTE studies. Some consideration is then taken to assess advantages and disadvantages of the methods, including costs and materials availability.

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Application of a continuous‐flow centrifugation method for solute transport in disturbed, unsaturated sediments and illustration of mobile‐immobile water

Cited by 47 publications

References 34 publications

Two‐region flow and rate‐limited sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in an unsaturated silt loam

Two‐region flow and rate‐limited sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in an unsaturated silt loam

Field Investigation Report for Waste Management Area S-SX Volume 1 & 2 [SEC 1 Thru 6]

Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects

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