Application of a Graphene Oxide–Carbon Paste Electrode for the Determination of Lead in Rainbow Trout from Central Europe

Smarzewska, Sylwia; Ciesielski, Witold

doi:10.1007/s12161-014-9925-4

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A plethora of intriguing studies has been conducted in relation to the kinetics of charge transfer processes at liquid/liquid interfaces [18][19][20][21][22][23], electrochemistry of immobilized proteins [24,25], and catalytic mechanisms [26][27][28], revealing that SWV is highly suited for both mechanistic and kinetic characterization of electrode reactions, besides its excellent analytical performances [29][30][31][32][33][34] and its appropriateness for bioanalytical applications [35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Electrode Kinetics of Surface Confined Electrode Reactions at a Constant Scan Rate

2014

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The kinetics of surface confined electrode reactions of alizarin, vitamin B12, and vitamin K2 is measured with square‐wave voltammetry over a wide pH interval, by applying the recent methodology for kinetic analysis at a constant scan rate [V. Mirceski, D. Guziejewski, K. Lisichkov, Electrochim. Acta 2013, 114, 667–673]. The reliability and the simplicity of the recent methodology is confirmed. The methodology requires analysis of the peak potential separation of the forward and backward component of the response as a function of the pulse height (SW amplitude), for a given frequency (i.e. constant scan rate) of the potential modulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Electrode Kinetics of Surface Confined Electrode Reactions at a Constant Scan Rate

2014

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“…Paste electrodes have received much attention due to their advantages, such as easily renewable surfaces, inexpensiveness, biocompatibility, and relatively wide potential windows [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Moreover, the incorporation of modifiers into carbon paste material makes it even more attractive in electroanalytical applications [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The performance of chemically modified carbon paste electrodes depends on the properties of the modifier, which affect the selectivity of the electrodes, kinetics of an electrochemical reaction, and sometimes even the electrode reaction product [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Performance of Clay Paste Electrode and Graphene Paste Electrode-Comparative Study

Skowron¹,

Spilarewicz-Stanek

Guziejewski

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The analytical performance of the clay paste electrode and graphene paste electrode was compared using square wave voltammetry (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The comparison was made on the basis of a paracetamol (PA) determination on both working electrodes. The influence of pH and SWV parameters was investigated. The linear concentration ranges were found to be 6.0 × 10−7–3.0 × 10−5 and 2.0 × 10−6–8.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 for clay paste electrode (ClPE) and graphene paste electrode (GrPE), respectively. The detection and quantification limits were calculated as 1.4 × 10−7 and 4.7 ×10−7 mol L−1 for ClPE and 3.7 × 10−7 and 1.2 × 10−6 mol L−1 for GrPE, respectively. Developed methods were successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations analyses. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize ClPE and GrPE surfaces. Clay composition was examined with wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDXRF).

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“…Electrodes composed of carbon paste are still widely used in electrochemical studies because of their wide potential window, high sensitivity, low background current, and low cost [11]. Many biologically active compounds, e.g., pesticides [12,13], pharmaceuticals [14][15][16], and ions [17][18][19], can be determined using CPEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Electroanalytical Studies of Graphite Flake and Multilayer Graphene Paste Electrodes

Festinger

Morawska

Ivanovski

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this paper, the fabrication, surface characterisation and electrochemical properties of graphite flake (GFPE) and multilayer graphene (MLGPE) paste electrodes are described. The Raman investigations and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze and compare structure of both carbon materials. The electroanalytical performance of both electrodes was examined and compared on the basis of the square-wave and cyclic voltammetric behavior of acetaminophen and model redox systems. Results of those studies revealed that GFPE has a larger electroactive surface area and better conductive properties, whilst MLGPE demonstrate better analytical characteristic in case of acetaminophen (AC) determination. AC determination was developed using square wave voltammetry (SWV) and square wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV). For both working electrodes, the process of accumulation enabled us to obtain an extended linear range and to lower the detection limit. In pharmaceutical formulations, AC was determined with good recovery.Sensors 2020, 20, 1684 2 of 15 anisotropic thermal conductivity, with high conductivity in the horizontal direction and low thermal conductivity in the vertical direction [20]. Graphite flakes have found application in electrochemistry as, for instance, a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries [21]. GFs have unique features, including excellent strength and high fracture toughness [22]. Furthermore, the layered graphite structure and weak forces between the layers lead to the possibility of easily refreshing the surface of a paste electrode made of graphite flakes. These properties make graphite flake a promising electrode material [23].Recently, graphene is considered the material of the "rising star" and has received attention due to its unique properties. This form of carbon is considered as a prototype of two-dimensional carbon system and all other dimensionalities [5,24,25]. Graphene can be wrapped into fullerenes (0D), rolled into carbon nanotubes (1D), or used to create graphite (3D) [24]. The development of knowledge related to graphene led to the creation of graphene-based materials. Multilayer graphene (MLG) is a 2D nanomaterial composed of stacked monolayers of graphene. Importantly, both MLG and GNP (graphene nanoplatelets) are composed of graphene layers arranged on top of each other. However, they differ in the number of layers and properties. The number of graphene layers in GNP is greater than 10, while that in MLG varies from 11 to 21 [26]. Experiments show that for model redox systems there is no strong correlation between the flake thickness and the electron transfer rate [27]. However, a higher electron transfer was achieved for flakes consisting of less than 20 graphene layers [27]. The properties of MLG are more similar to those of graphene than to those of graphite [26], and thus make MLG a promising material for the fabrication of carbon paste electrodes.Acetaminophen (AC) is very commonly used in many diseases and pain treatment. Because of its antipyretic and analge...

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Application of a Graphene Oxide–Carbon Paste Electrode for the Determination of Lead in Rainbow Trout from Central Europe

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Measuring the Electrode Kinetics of Surface Confined Electrode Reactions at a Constant Scan Rate

Measuring the Electrode Kinetics of Surface Confined Electrode Reactions at a Constant Scan Rate

Analytical Performance of Clay Paste Electrode and Graphene Paste Electrode-Comparative Study

Comparative Electroanalytical Studies of Graphite Flake and Multilayer Graphene Paste Electrodes

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