Application of a low‐cost NDIR sensor module for continuous measurements of <i>in situ</i> soil CO<sub>2</sub> concentration

Heger, Adrian; Kleinschmidt, Volker; Gröngröft, Alexander; Kutzbach, Lars; Eschenbach, Annette

doi:10.1002/jpln.201900493

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several research groups (Jassal et al, 2005;Hirano, 2003;Tang et al, 2003) used compact nondispersive infrared (NDIR) CO 2 sensors to install them directly in the soil after this technology became available. The availability of low-cost microcontrollers and NDIR sensors stimulates further applications in soil gas research (Blackstock et al, 2019;Heger et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#

Osterholt

Kolbe

Maier

2022

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Background: Gas exchange between soil and atmosphere is of great importance for greenhouse gas cycles. As gas transport in soil is generally dominated by diffusion, the soil gas diffusion coefficient (D S ) is crucial to understand fluxes between soil and atmosphere.Estimating D S is still a great source of uncertainty when calculating soil gas fluxes such as soil respiration from soil gas profiles. In situ measurement of the effective exchange coefficient (D eff ) not only reduces this uncertainty, but also allows to quantify non-diffusive transport processes in addition to the purely diffusive exchange (D S ), which cannot be investigated by laboratory measurements or the application of soil gas diffusivity models.Even though several methods for in situ D eff measurement exist, they often lack in the temporal resolution to identify short-term effects on D eff or require laborious set-ups, which makes them unsuitable for a fast and mobile application.Aims: Our objective was to test an improved profile probe for model-based soil gas flux analyses that allows in situ monitoring of (1) soil CO 2 profiles with high temporal resolution, (2) soil gas transport coefficients, including non-diffusive transport processes, (3) soil-atmosphere CO 2 flux, and (4) soil respiration profiles. Methods:We developed a CO 2 profile probe with build-in sensors that can easily be installed in soil to gain continuous CO 2 concentration profiles. The probe includes the option to inject CO 2 as a tracer gas to estimate D eff . To account for changes in natural CO 2 concentrations in the soil, we tested two approaches: firstly, a differential approach using two probes, an injection probe and a reference probe, and secondly, a stand-alone approach in which changes in natural CO 2 concentrations are estimated by a statistical model using its main environmental drivers. The resulting tracer gas profiles were used to fit a finite element gas diffusion model to derive D eff . Using the derived D eff values and the CO 2 profiles allowed calculating CO 2 fluxes. The approach was tested with controlled laboratory experiments using different mineral substrates to compare the diffusivity estimates of the in situ method with laboratory measurements on soil cores. Additional laboratory experiments included artificial CO 2 sources to simulate soil respiration in order to evaluate the gradient-based estimation of soil respiration profiles. In a second step, both approaches were tested under natural conditions in the field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#

Osterholt

Kolbe

Maier

2022

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…We assumed that the manometric procedure could be improved by the recent development of low‐cost CO 2 sensors and microcontrollers (e.g. Greenspan et al., 2016; Harmon et al., 2015; Heger et al., 2020), and adapted to also measure DIC. The new device was used to test the following research hypotheses: (a) the calcite‐specific surface area (SSA, calcite RSA per weight of calcite) should increase over the ecological succession of biocrusts due to a gradual increase in small‐size secondary carbonates during soil development; (b) the colonization of the soil by lichens and plants should decrease the CCE due to their ability to enhance mineral weathering and (c) in a spring‐cave‐downstream river continuum, the DIC content should increase progressively due to the enhanced dissolution of CO 2 in CO 2 ‐rich caves, combined with the accumulation of aqueous carbonate species during CaCO 3 weathering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a new low‐cost device to measure calcium carbonate content, reactive surface area in solid samples and dissolved inorganic carbon content in water samples

2021

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The current rise in atmospheric CO 2 and temperature as well as the modification of precipitation patterns could affect the precipitationdissolution dynamics of soil carbonates, potentially altering both the inorganic and recalcitrant organic carbon (bounded to carbonates) storage capacity of soils and modifying the global carbon balance. It is thus urgent to assess the sensitivity of soil carbonates to climate change by monitoring their precipitation-dissolution dynamics.Geochemical models used to estimate carbonate precipitationdissolution rates require important inputs including the carbonate content and reactive surface area (RSA) in soil as well as the dissolved inorganic carbon content (DIC) in soil solution (Suarez, 1995;Suarez & Šimůnek, 1997). However, most methods currently available to accurately measure these parameters can be time-consuming and/or often require expensive laboratory equipment (Del Campillo

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Integrated approach on stored grain quality management with CO2 monitoring-A review

Ramachandran

2022

Journal of Stored Products Research

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Application of a low‐cost NDIR sensor module for continuous measurements of in situ soil CO₂ concentration

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#

Development of a new low‐cost device to measure calcium carbonate content, reactive surface area in solid samples and dissolved inorganic carbon content in water samples

Integrated approach on stored grain quality management with CO2 monitoring-A review

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Application of a low‐cost NDIR sensor module for continuous measurements of in situ soil CO2 concentration

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

A differential CO2 profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration#

A differential CO2 profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration#

Development of a new low‐cost device to measure calcium carbonate content, reactive surface area in solid samples and dissolved inorganic carbon content in water samples

Integrated approach on stored grain quality management with CO2 monitoring-A review

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Application of a low‐cost NDIR sensor module for continuous measurements of in situ soil CO₂ concentration

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#

A differential CO₂ profile probe approach for field measurements of soil gas transport and soil respiration^#