Application of a Novel CVD TiN Coating on a Biomedical Co–Cr Alloy: An Evaluation of Coating Layer and Substrate Characteristics

Abstract

Titanium nitride (TiN) was deposited on the surface of a cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloy by a hot-wall type chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor at 850 °C, and the coating characteristics were compared with those of a physical vapor deposition (PVD) TiN coating deposited on the same alloy at 450 °C. Neither coating showed any reactions at the interface. The face-centered cubic (fcc) structure of the alloy was changed into a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase, and recrystallization occurred over at 10 μm of depth from the surface after CVD coating. Characteristic precipitates were also generated incrementally depending on the depth, unlike the precipitates in the matrix of the as-cast alloy. On the other hand, the microstructure and phase of the PVD-coated alloy did not change. Depth-dependent nano-hardness measurements showed a greater increase in hardness in the recrystallization zone of the CVD-coated alloy than in the bulk center of the alloy. The CVD coating showed superior adhesion to the PVD coating in the progressive scratch test. The as-cast, PVD-coated, and CVD-coated alloys all showed negative cytotoxicity. Within the limitations of this study, CVD TiN coating to biomedical Co–Cr alloy may be considered a promising alternative to PVD technique.

Biomimetic Deposition of Hydroxyapatite Layer on Titanium Alloys

“…In the field of coating techniques, several methods of deposition are mentioned, such as atmospheric plasma spraying, physical and chemical vapour deposition (PVD and CVD processes) [8]. In addition, in order to increase the bonding strength between coating and alloy substrate, thermal spraying technology is considered to be an effective coating preparation method, such as hot dip method [25,26], chemical vapor deposition method [27,28], slurry method [29,30], etc.…”

The trends of dental biomaterials research and future directions: A mapping review

“…Plenty of research is being carried out on developing novel techniques of surface modifications of dental implants which aim at quick and durable osseointegration. Some of the novel methods of surface modifications included antibiotic and nano-silver loaded bone cements, and selective laser melted titanium tantalum niobium zirconium (Ti-Ta-Nb-Zr) alloy ( Dziaduszewska et al, 2019 ), chemical vapor deposition of titanium nitride on cobalt chromium alloys ( Song et al, 2020 ), electrophorectic deposition of ionic-substituted hydroxyapatites ( Khan and Awais, 2020 ), and microwave brazing using gold nano-dots ( Tamang et al, 2019 ).…”

Electrochemical, Tribological and Biocompatible Performance of Electron Beam Modified and Coated Ti6Al4V Alloy

“…A number of different techniques have been used for producing ceramic TiN and TiO 2 films such as magnetron sputtering [29], high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) [30], CVD [31], ion beam-enhanced deposition [32], electron-beam deposition [33], low pressure plasma spray [34], dual plasma deposition [35], laser deposition [36], plasma ion nitriding [37], plasma immersion ion implantation [38], cathodic arc deposition [39][40][41]. The low process temperature allows the coating material to be deposited without reduction in hardness, corrosion resistance or distortion compared to techniques conducted at higher temperatures [42].…”