Application of antigen presenting cell-targeted nanovaccine delivery system in rhabdovirus disease prophylactics using fish as a model organism

Abstract

Background: Targeted delivery of virus-associated antigens to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is considered as an efficient strategy to enhance the pyrophytic effect of vaccines against rhabdovirus disease. Materials and methods:In this study, we constructed a targeted carbon nanotubes-based vaccine deliver system (SWCNTs-MG) which can recognize the signature receptor (mannose) of APCs. An environmentally and economically important disease called spring viremia of carp (SVC) was studied as a model to evaluate the feasibility of singlewalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) conjugated with mannosylated antigen for rhabdovirus prevention.Results: Results showed that SWCNTs-MG could cross into fish body and present to internal immune-related tissues through gill, muscle and intestine within 6 h immersed vaccination. With further modification of mannose moiety, the obtained nanovaccine showed enhanced uptake by carp macrophages and immune-related tissues, which would then trigger strong immune responses against spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. Moreover, the survival rate of fish vaccinated with SWCNTs-MG (30 mg/L) was 63.5% after SVCV infection, whereas it was 0% for the control group. Conclusion:This study not only provide a theoretical basis and research template for the application of targeted nanovaccine system in aquatic animals, but also play an important role in supporting development of healthy aquaculture and ensuring the safety of aquatic products and ecology.

Optimization of immunization procedure for SWCNTs‐based subunit vaccine with mannose modification against spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp

“…Previous study has confirmed that the single-walled carbon nanotubes loaded with mannose-modified glycoprotein (SWCNTs-MG) vaccine can provide 63.5% of protection to the juvenile carp post-immunization by immersion vaccination (Zhang et al, 2020).…”

Evaluation of an autologous cancer vaccine for the treatment of metastatic canine hemangiosarcoma: a preliminary study

“…Accordingly, it is reasonable to rationalize that the ability to upregulate the expression of these surface molecules on canine monocytes could be indicative of greater potential T lymphocyte response in vivo . As such, this technique has been applied in numerous studies evaluating new vaccine technologies including recombinant antigens, novel adjuvants and variable formulation schemes [ 36 – 42 ]. Specifically, the extent of major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) and CD80 co-stimulatory molecules were up-regulated in response to incubation with vaccine or relevant controls.…”

Nanovaccines against Animal Pathogens: The Latest Findings

“…A third characteristic concerns release systems involving different types of nanoparticles (detailed later on in the document). Zhang et al (2020) constructed a vaccine based on single-wall carbon nanotubes interacting with antigen-presenting cells’ mannose receptor, combined with rhabdovirus mannosylated antigen in fish; such a vaccine had greater reuptake by macrophages and tissue associated with an immune response 6 h after immersion, achieving up to 63.5% survival rates compared to the control group [ 89 ].…”