Application of Biodegradable Magnesium Membrane Shield Technique for Immediate Dentoalveolar Bone Regeneration

Abstract

For the first time, the clinical application of the first CE registered magnesium membrane is reported. Due to the material characteristics of magnesium metal, new treatment methodologies become possible. This has led to the development of a new technique: the magnesium membrane shield technique, used to rebuild the buccal or palatal walls of compromised extraction sockets. Four clinical cases are reported, demonstrating the handling options of this new technique for providing a successful regenerative outcome. Using the technique, immediate implant placement is possible with a provisional implant in the aesthetic zone. It can also be used for rebuilding both the buccal and palatal walls simultaneously. For instances where additional mechanical support is required, the membrane can be bent into a double layer, which additionally provides a rounder edge for interfacing with the soft tissue. In all reported clinical cases, there was a good bone tissue regeneration and soft tissue healing. In some instances, the new bone had formed a thick cortical bone visible in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographs of the regenerated sites, which is known to be remodeled in the post treatment period. Overall, the magnesium membrane shield technique is presented as an alternative treatment option for compromised extraction sockets.

Possible Applications for a Biodegradable Magnesium Membrane in Alveolar Ridge Augmentation–Retrospective Case Report with Two Years of Follow-Up

“…More recently, Elad et al utilized the resorbable magnesium barrier to establish a lost buccal bone wall in conjunction with an immediate implant placement protocol. In this case report none of the patients presented severe postoperative complications [13].…”

Guided Bone Regeneration Using a Novel Magnesium Membrane: A Literature Review and a Report of Two Cases in Humans

“…Magnesium membranes provide improved properties, such as strength and dimensional stability, during wound healing without the need to reopen the surgical site for their removal [ 15 ]. The aforementioned mechanical properties allowed Elad et al to develop a new technique, the magnesium membrane shield technique, which was described and applied to four of their clinical cases [ 20 ]. The handling of magnesium membrane is different from that of collagen.…”

“…Amberg et al demonstrated the successful adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts to the membrane surface and showed how the migration rate changed as a function of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ concentrations [ 23 , 24 ]. As mentioned earlier, Elad et al reported the first use of the pure magnesium membrane in a completely new technique that was not previously possible with a resorbable membrane due to the lack of mechanical stability in the alternative options [ 20 ].…”

“…Recently, Elad et al [ 20 ] published the results from using the magnesium membrane in a shield technique in a series of four cases. However, delayed implantation in humans after GBR with a magnesium membrane and magnesium fixation screw has not yet been reported.…”

Evaluation between Biodegradable Magnesium Metal GBR Membrane and Bovine Graft with or without Hyaluronate

“…The magnesium-based GBR membrane has a similar barrier function to the collagen membranes but exerts additional space maintenance properties comparable to titanium-based products [ 28 , 29 ]. It has already been shown that the membrane provides a good bone tissue regeneration and soft tissue healing in combination with an allograft biomaterial [ 33 , 34 ], and a recent review highlighted the many benefits of magnesium metal membranes. The biocompatibility, inflammatory response, and non-toxicity of the magnesium membrane were recently reported [ 28 ].…”