Application of conducting polymers to biosensors

Gerard, Manju; Chaubey, Asha; Malhotra, Bansi D.

doi:10.1016/s0956-5663(01)00312-8

Cited by 1,495 publications

(433 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The working electrodes were then coated in a matrix of polytyramine by electropolymerising from a monomer solution (25 mM tyramine in 300 mM NaOH in MeOH) in accordance with previously established methods [28,29]. The solution was electrochemically polymerised onto the electrodes using cyclic voltammetry, with potential cycled between 0 V and 1.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) with a scan rate of 0.2 V.s -1 for two consecutive scans data shown in (Appendix C), before equilibrating for 15 min in PBS pH 7.4.…”

Section: Electrode Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development and optimisation of nanobody based electrochemical immunosensors for IgG

Goode

Dillon

Millner

2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Article:Goode, J orcid.org/0000-0002-3642-1291, Dillon, G and Millner, PA orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-4302 (2016 ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. This has led to the development of alternative immuno-reagents such as non-antibody binding proteins (NABPs). These are low molecular weight proteins which largely avoid the aforementioned advantages of antibodies. They are commonly produced by bacteria enabling the use of DNA technology to manipulate bioreceptors at the molecular level.Single chain VHHs (commonly known as nanobodies) are an antibody derived NABP adapted from camelid heavy chain antibodies which are the isolated binding domain. Whilst nanobodies have been used for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, they have limited demonstration in biosensors.In this study, both antibodies and nanobodies were used to construct a biosensor. In addition nanobody performance was optimised by introducing a novel peptide spacer. The role of nanobody orientation and spacing was thus investigated and spacer length was optimised, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of the biosensor. Highlights: Nanobodies have been used on impedimetric immunosensors to detect rabbit IgG  Unmodified nanobody sensors displayed a decrease in resistance upon analyte recognition.  Nanobodies were modified with a peptide spacer, effectively reversing this phenomena.  The use of a spacer also increased the sensitivity of the immunosensor.

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Section: Electrode Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development and optimisation of nanobody based electrochemical immunosensors for IgG

Goode

Dillon

Millner

2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…Polyaniline (PAni) is an example of a well-studied conducting polymer which has been investigated for a diverse range of applications [3][4][5][6][7] including as the active material for biological and chemical sensing applications [8][9][10][11]. PAni can be chemically (or electrochemically) switched reversibly between two or more redox states [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased response/recovery lifetimes and reinforcement of polyaniline nanofiber films using carbon nanotubes

Blighe

Diamond

Coleman

et al. 2012

Carbon

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“…These PBFCs require the immobilization and electrical contacting of the light harnessing components with the electrode supports to the extent that photo-induced electrontransfer processes occur between the photosynthetic RC, thus enabling the generation of photocurrents (or their use for the synthesis of fuel products). The electrical contacting of redox proteins with electrodes attracted substantial research efforts directed to the development of amperometric biosensors [26][27][28][29] or biofuel cell elements [30][31][32][33][34][35] . Different methods to integrate redox proteins with electrodes in electrically contacted configurations were developed, including the modification of the proteins with relay units 36,37 , the reconstitution of the proteins on relay-cofactor units [38][39][40] and the immobilization of the proteins in redox-active polymer matrices 41 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated photosystem II-based photo-bioelectrochemical cells

et al. 2012

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Photosynthesis is a sustainable process that converts light energy into chemical energy. substantial research efforts are directed towards the application of the photosynthetic reaction centres, photosystems I and II, as active components for the light-induced generation of electrical power or fuel products. nonetheless, no integrated photo-bioelectrochemical device that produces electrical power, upon irradiation of an aqueous solution that includes two inter-connected electrodes is known. Here we report the assembly of photobiofuel cells that generate electricity upon irradiation of biomaterial-functionalized electrodes in aqueous solutions. The cells are composed of electrically contacted photosystem II-functionalized photoanodes and an electrically wired bilirubin oxidase/carbon nanotubes-modified cathode. Illumination of the photoanodes yields the oxidation of water to o 2 and the transfer of electrons through the external circuit to the cathode, where o 2 is re-reduced to water.

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Application of conducting polymers to biosensors

Cited by 1,495 publications

References 117 publications

The development and optimisation of nanobody based electrochemical immunosensors for IgG

The development and optimisation of nanobody based electrochemical immunosensors for IgG

Increased response/recovery lifetimes and reinforcement of polyaniline nanofiber films using carbon nanotubes

Integrated photosystem II-based photo-bioelectrochemical cells

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