Application of coulometric electrode array detection to the analysis of isoflavonoids and lignans

Peñalvo, José L.; Nurmi, Tarja

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2006.03.015

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Originally only secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol were identified as precursors of the enterolignans ENL and enterodiol (END). Improved methods of analysis led to the discovery of more precursors such as pinoresinol, syringaresinol, lariciresinol and medioresinol ( 14 , 15 ) , and recently further eighteen plant lignans were identified in food items including four found in rye and wheat ( 16 ) . These plant lignans account for 30–45 % of the total content of lignans in rye and 1–18 % of the total content in wheat ( 16 ) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative aspects of the metabolism of lignans in pigs fed fibre-enriched rye and wheat bread

et al. 2009

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A diet rich in lignans has been suggested to be protective against a range of chronic diseases. The distribution and metabolic fate of lignans is, however, very poorly understood. We fed high-fibre wheat breads low in lignans (n 8) or high-fibre rye breads (n 9) rich in plant lignans to pigs for 58 -67 d, and analysed the content of plant lignans and their metabolites in the diet, blood, bile, faeces, urine and selected tissues. Apparent faecal digestibility of dietary precursors was higher than of total (plant-and entero-) lignans due to conversion to enterolactone and enterodiol. The digestibility of lariciresinol and matairesinol was lower than that of the sum of plant lignans. This suggests that interconversion of plant lignans during digestion and enterohepatic circulation occur without complete conversion to enterolignans. The majority of lignans present in plasma and urine was in the form of enterolignans, but up to 23 % in the plasma, and 11 % in the urine of the rye-fed pigs were in the form of plant lignans. There was a very high concentration of lignans in bile from the rye-fed pigs with as much as 77 % in the form of plant lignans. Lignans were detected in the tissue of colon, liver, breast and brain at a much higher level with rye than with wheat, but only in the form of enterolactone. The importance and implications of systemic exposure to plant lignans remain to be elucidated.Lignans: Whole grains: Metabolism: Plasma: Tissue: Bile Several epidemiological, intervention and animal studies point to a protective effect of a lignan-rich diet towards a range of lifestyle-related diseases such as certain cancers, CVD, and possible involvement in glycaemic control (1 -3) . Intervention studies with lignan-rich food such as flaxseed (4) and rye bread (5) reduce the cholesterol level in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. The high content of plant lignans in the diet may contribute to this hypocholesterolaemic effect. Increased enterolactone (ENL) concentrations in serum have been associated with a lower risk of CVD (6) , and a high lignan intake to lower aortic stiffness (7) and TAG level (8) . Mechanisms suggested to be involved in the protective effect of some lignans against CVD include antioxidative effects (9) , stimulation of sex hormone-binding globulin synthesis (10) , up-regulation of LDL receptor activity (11) , inhibition of 7a-hydroxylase and acyl-CoA-cholesterol acyltransferase activity (12) and increased nitrogen oxide production (13) . Originally only secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol were identified as precursors of the enterolignans ENL and enterodiol (END). Improved methods of analysis led to the discovery of more precursors such as pinoresinol, syringaresinol, lariciresinol and medioresinol (14,15) , and recently further eighteen plant lignans were identified in food items including four found in rye and wheat (16) . These plant lignans account for 30-45 % of the total content of lignans in rye and 1-18 % of the total content in wheat (16) . The discovery of new enterolignan precursor...

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Quantitative aspects of the metabolism of lignans in pigs fed fibre-enriched rye and wheat bread

et al. 2009

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“…The microorganism P450 enzyme, Nfa45180, is reported to show the highest hydroxylation activity towards ED, especially for ortho-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring in vivo [386]. Other plant lignans in flaxseed, such as matairesinol (MAT), pinoresinol (pinoresinol diglucoside [387]), and lariciresinol (isolariciresinol [351]) that are found in minor amounts, are also converted into the mammalian lignans ENL and ED [46,388] (Figure 3). Hence, following consumption, SDG is released from the macromolecule (the exact location within the gastrointestinal tract is unknown) and is principally converted to the mammalian lignans in the lower intestine, either by the brush border enzymatic activity of the gut mucosa or by bacterial enzymatic activity [379,389].…”

Section: Polyphenols Of Flaxseed As Important Phytochemicals In Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaxseed Lignans as Important Dietary Polyphenols for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Molecular Targets

2019

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Cancer causes considerable morbidity and mortality across the world. Socioeconomic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to the increasing cancer prevalence, bespeaking a need for effective prevention and treatment strategies. Phytochemicals like plant polyphenols are generally considered to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects, which explain their promotion for human health. The past several decades have contributed to a growing evidence base in the literature that demonstrate ability of polyphenols to modulate multiple targets of carcinogenesis linking models of cancer characteristics (i.e., hallmarks and nutraceutical-based targeting of cancer) via direct or indirect interaction or modulation of cellular and molecular targets. This evidence is particularly relevant for the lignans, an ubiquitous, important class of dietary polyphenols present in high levels in food sources such as flaxseed. Literature evidence on lignans suggests potential benefit in cancer prevention and treatment. This review summarizes the relevant chemical and pharmacokinetic properties of dietary polyphenols and specifically focuses on the biological targets of flaxseed lignans. The consolidation of the considerable body of data on the diverse targets of the lignans will aid continued research into their potential for use in combination with other cancer chemotherapies, utilizing flaxseed lignan-enriched natural products.

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“…Electrochemical detection is based on the induced oxidation=reduction of the analyte elicited by an electrode set at a fixed potential. 197 There are two types of electrochemical detectors, both working under the same principle: the amperometric and the coulometric detectors. In the amperometric detector, only partial oxidation=reduction of the analytes takes place, while in the coulometric detector oxidation=reduction of the analytes is almost complete, which results in an increased sensitivity of this detector in comparison with the amperometric one.…”

Section: Electrochemical Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…69 CEAD permits ef fi ciencies in the oxidation of the a nalyte of nearly 100% oxidation , and lower detection limits are po ssible. 197 Two analyt es could thus be separa ted if they h ave diff erent redox proper ties even though they presen t similar chroma tographic proper ties . Therefor e, CEAD shows high sensi tivity in compa rison to other detect ors, although it is especi ally dependen t on appropr iate sample pretreatm ent.…”

Section: Electrochemical Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Flavonoids in Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Bravo¹,

Mateos²

2008

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

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Application of coulometric electrode array detection to the analysis of isoflavonoids and lignans

Cited by 25 publications

References 71 publications

Quantitative aspects of the metabolism of lignans in pigs fed fibre-enriched rye and wheat bread

Quantitative aspects of the metabolism of lignans in pigs fed fibre-enriched rye and wheat bread

Flaxseed Lignans as Important Dietary Polyphenols for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Molecular Targets

Analysis of Flavonoids in Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

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