Application of Diagnostic Tools to Evaluate Remediation Performance at Petroleum Hydrocarbon‐Impacted Sites

Bouchard, Daniel; Hunkeler, Daniel; Madsen, Eugene L.; Buscheck, Tim; Daniels, E.J.; Kolhatkar, Ravi; DeRito, Christopher M.; Aravena, Ramón; Thomson, Neil R.

doi:10.1111/gwmr.12300

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To asses biodegradation in the field it is, therefore, important to combine CSIA with other field monitoring technologies such as hydrochemical approaches, 52 functional proteomics, 53 investigation of signature metabolites, 54 and other biomarkers. 55 However, for those scenarios where mass transfer of PAHs is not limited and, thus, changes in isotope fractionation can be observed, our study suggests that H isotope analysis offers better sensitivity than that of C.…”

Section: ■ Environmental Significancementioning

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mass Transfer Limitation during Slow Anaerobic Biodegradation of 2-Methylnaphthalene

Marozava

Meyer

Pérez‐de‐Mora

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While they are theoretically conceptualized to restrict biodegradation of organic contaminants, bioavailability limitations are challenging to observe directly. Here we explore the onset of mass transfer limitations during slow biodegradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 2-methylnaphthalene (2-MN) by the anaerobic, sulfate-reducing strain NaphS2. Carbon and hydrogen compound specific isotope fractionation was pronounced at high aqueous 2-MN concentrations (60 μM) (εcarbon = −2.1 ± 0.1‰/εhydrogen = −40 ± 7‰) in the absence of an oil phase but became significantly smaller (εcarbon = −0.9 ± 0.3‰/εhydrogen = −6 ± 3‰) or nondetectable when low aqueous concentrations (4 μM versus 0.5 μM) were in equilibrium with 80 or 10 mM 2-MN in hexadecane, respectively. This masking of isotope fractionation directly evidenced mass transfer limitations at (sub)micromolar substrate concentrations. Remarkably, oil–water mass transfer coefficients were 60–90 times greater in biotic experiments than in the absence of bacteria (k org-aq2-MN = 0.01 ± 0.003 cm h–1). The ability of isotope fractionation to identify mass transfer limitations may help study how microorganisms adapt and navigate at the brink of bioavailability at low concentrations. For field surveys our results imply that, at trace concentrations, the absence of isotope fractionation does not necessarily indicate the absence of biodegradation.

show abstract

Section: ■ Environmental Significancementioning

confidence: 72%

“…To asses biodegradation in the field it is, therefore, important to combine CSIA with other field monitoring technologies such as hydrochemical approaches, functional proteomics, investigation of signature metabolites, and other biomarkers …”

Section: Environmental Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Transfer Limitation during Slow Anaerobic Biodegradation of 2-Methylnaphthalene

Marozava

Meyer

Pérez‐de‐Mora

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stable isotope analysis can be applied to the electron acceptor of interest (e.g., sulfate) providing process‐specific (versus compound‐specific) information about biodegradation (Aelion et al 2010; Clark and Fritz 1997). Isotope analysis can be used for electron acceptors to differentiate changes due to biodegradation from those due to mixing (Schroth et al ; Bouchard et al ). Microbial sulfate reduction usually results in significant fractionation, that is, an enrichment of δ 34 S in unconsumed sulfate (Schroth et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If there is no δ 34 S enrichment, declining sulfate concentrations are likely due to dilution by mixing. Carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios can be measured for the compound of interest (e.g., benzene) to evaluate the performance of remediation at hydrocarbon‐impacted sites (Bouchard et al ). Enrichment in 13 C and 2 H suggests biodegradation or another transformation process is occurring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Microbial Sulfate Reduction of Hydrocarbons in Groundwater Using Permeable Filled Borings

Buscheck¹,

Mackay²,

Paradis³

et al. 2019

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At a service station closed in 1993, groundwater contained benzene that persisted above the cleanup goal of 1 mg/L in zones depleted of background sulfate. The benzene and other petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) were present as much as 36 feet (11 m) below the water table and therefore remediation of a thick saturated zone interval was required. Microcosms using site sediments demonstrated that anaerobic benzene biodegradation occurred only if sulfate was added, suggesting sulfate addition as a remediation approach. Twenty‐four boreholes (9.1″ diameter and 56′ deep) were drilled around four monitoring wells, in which benzene concentrations exceeded 1 mg/L. The boreholes were backfilled with a mixture of gravel and 15,000 pounds of gypsum (which releases sulfate as it dissolves) to create “Permeable Filled Borings” (PFBs). Concurrently, nine high pressure injections (HPIs) of gypsum slurry were conducted in other site locations (312 pounds of gypsum total). PFBs were expected to release sulfate for up to 20 years, whereas HPIs were expected to produce a short‐lived plume of sulfate. Concentrations of benzene and sulfate in groundwater were monitored over a 3‐year period in six monitoring wells. In two wells near PFBs, benzene concentrations dropped below the cleanup goal by two to three orders of magnitude; in one well, sulfate concentrations exceeded 500 mg/L for the most recent 18 months. Benzene concentrations in two other PFB monitoring wells declined by a factor of 2 to 4, but remained above 1 mg/L, presumably due to high‐dissolved PHC concentrations and possibly greater residual PHC mass in adjacent sediments, and therefore greater sulfate demand. However, hydrogen and sulfur isotopic enrichment in benzene and sulfate, respectively, confirmed biodegradation of benzene and stimulation of sulfate‐reducing conditions. Thus, it is hypothesized that the PHC mass in adjacent sediments will decline over time, as will dissolved PHC concentrations, and eventually benzene concentrations will decrease below the cleanup goal. Benzene in two HPI monitoring wells was below the cleanup goal for all but one sampling event before HPIs were conducted and remained below the cleanup goal after HPIs; there was no stimulation of sulfate‐reducing conditions. It is concluded that sulfate released from PFBs contributed to declining benzene concentrations.

show abstract

“…In the third experiment, the effect of surface application of a sulfate solution on BTEX biodegradation was evaluated (Wei et al ). The outcome from these three controlled‐release experiments and the application of the diagnostic tools at two full‐scale remediation sites was integrated into a technical note that outlines their use in a tiered approach for remediation process assessment (Bouchard et al ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Special Issue: Diagnostic Tools to Assess In Situ Remediation System Performance

Hunkeler¹,

Buscheck²

2018

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Application of Diagnostic Tools to Evaluate Remediation Performance at Petroleum Hydrocarbon‐Impacted Sites

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Mass Transfer Limitation during Slow Anaerobic Biodegradation of 2-Methylnaphthalene

Mass Transfer Limitation during Slow Anaerobic Biodegradation of 2-Methylnaphthalene

Enhancing Microbial Sulfate Reduction of Hydrocarbons in Groundwater Using Permeable Filled Borings

Special Issue: Diagnostic Tools to Assess In Situ Remediation System Performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About