The emergence of power dispatching automation systems has greatly improved the efficiency of power industry operations and promoted the rapid development of the power industry. However, with the convergence and increase in power data flow, the data dispatching network and the main station dispatching automation system have encountered substantial pressure. Therefore, the method of online data resolution and rapid problem identification of dispatching automation systems has been widely investigated. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive review of automated dispatching of massive dispatching data from the perspective of intelligent identification, discuss unresolved research issues and outline future directions in this area. In particular, we divide intelligent identification over power big data into data acquisition and storage processes, anomaly detection and fault discrimination processes, and fault tracing for dispatching operations during communication. A detailed survey of the solutions to the challenges in intelligent identification over power big data is then presented. Moreover, opportunities and future directions are outlined.