Application of FTA Analysis for Calculation of the Probability of the Failure of the Pressure Leaching Process

Abstract

European Union legislation requires organizations to assess their processes in the context of risk management. The main task of risk management is to manage all risks that can significantly affect the outcome of processes. The article is focused on risk evaluation in pressure leaching at elevated temperature using the method Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The effectivity of pyrite and arsenic pyrite decomposition by oxidative pressure leaching is influenced by the duration of the process, by the temperature, concentration of the leaching solution and by a density of the slurry. It was found that, under equitable conditions, the arsenic pyrite decomposes more intensely than pyrite. Under laboratory conditions, leaching is performed in an autoclave. Due to the aggressive environment, increased pressure and temperature, process failure is possible. Its probability was calculated by FTA. It has been found that the probability of the top event in the examined process was disproportionately high (0.057) and represents an invitation to take corrective actions. The Monte Carlo method was used for the simulation of the effect the probability of basic events on the probability of the top event—the failure of the leaching process.

Assessment of the Impact of Working Risks in the Exploitation of Raw Materials

“…Qualitative fault-tree analysis consists of determining the minimal cut sets and minimal path sets and the common cause failures. Two major approaches used for determining minimal cut sets for fault trees are Monte Carlo simulation and deterministic methods [21].…”

Low-Code Engineering for the Internet of Things

“…Finally, in addition to the qualitative analysis, the proposed approach also calculates the failure probabilities of an entire system from its constituent parts' failure event probabilities. This calculation is automatically performed following the well-known logic Fault-tree probabilities calculations mechanism [46][47][48].…”

“…In safety engineering, the device failure probability is often considered to be extremely low and often expressed as failures per million (10 −6 ), particularly for individual components [231]. The probability calculation follows a widely used formula for conducting a logical output of an "AND" or an "OR" gates in the FT [46,47]. The output of an "AND" gate means that the output event will only happen when a combination of independent events occurs at the same time.…”

“…Quantitative analysis, on the other hand, allows the user to set the basic event probabilities and calculates the failure probabilities of an entire system from its constituent parts' failure event probabilities. This calculation is automatically performed following the well-known logic probabilities calculation mechanism techniques [46][47][48]. Aside from the FTA, the existing CHESS infrastructure also supports the generation of the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) table [83], one of the common and necessary artifacts used in the process of safety analysis.…”

Integrated Edge Deployable Fault Diagnostic Algorithm for the Internet of Things (IoT): A Methane Sensing Application

“…The conventional knowledge-driven, fault-finding approach involves data collection and the application of expertise; however, this approach remains inadequate to diagnose new failures, which can be replaced by data-driven techniques [ 17 ]. Physical inspections of SEDs can be challenging as they are frequently deployed in hard-to-reach isolated locations.…”