Application of g‐C₃N₄ Matrix Composites Photocatalytic Performance from Degradation of Antibiotics

Abstract

Semiconductor photocatalysts have broad prospects in the removal of antibiotics in water. In numerous semiconductor light catalyst materials, g‐C3N4 has attracted much attention because of its suitable band gap, high thermal and chemical stability. But its conductivity is poor, and the visible light utilization rate is low, which restrict the range of application. Modification strategies such as doping and semiconductor materials compounding can expand the visible light absorption range and maintain the advantages of high redox capacity of the photocatalyst. This article introduces the hazards of antibiotics in water, describes the progress of research on the modification of g‐C3N4 by metal elements, non‐metal elements, metal oxides and metal sulfides to remove antibiotics (TCs, SAs etc.) in water. Finally, we try to put forward some new research directions on the basis of the current research of photocatalyst, and put forward some simple views on the application of g‐C3N4.

Growth of narrow-bandgap Cl-doped carbon nitride nanofibers on carbon nitride nanosheets for high-efficiency photocatalytic H2O2 generation

“…The sheet-like CNS surface can enlarge its specific surface area and provide sufficient space for Cl–CNF anchoring. 25 No Cl element was observed in the EDX spectrum of CNS (Fig. S2 † ), indicating ammonium chloride worked as a gas template other than a dopant during the calcination process.…”

“…9 Among various kinds of photocatalyst, g-C 3 N 4 , because of its unique features, such as a suitable bandgap for light harvesting, facile preparation process, favorable heat and chemical stability and metal-free characteristics, [10][11][12] has attracted extensive interest in photocatalytic production of H 2 (ref. [13][14][15][16] and H 2 O 2 , [17][18][19] nitrogen xation, [20][21][22] organic pollutants decomposition, [23][24][25] CO 2 reduction [26][27][28] and organic reactions. 29,30 However, several shortcomings, such as a narrow light absorption range, serious recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and low surface charge transfer efficiency still exist in g-C 3 N 4 , which limit its photocatalytic activity.…”

Research Progress on Cu2O‐based Type‐II Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Photocatalytic Removal of Antibiotics

“…[121] In our previous work, the classification, structure, characteristics, and effects of antibiotics on the human body have been reviewed. [9] This paper mainly introduces the research progress of Cu 2 O-based type-II heterojunction on the degradation of TCs, QLs, and SAs. The process of eliminating antibiotics by photocatalyst can be grouped into two steps: (I) strong interaction chemical bonds are formed between the functional groups of antibiotic molecules and the active sites on the photocatalyst, or antibiotic molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst through the electrostatic interaction; (II) the antibiotic molecules existed on the surface of the catalyst is decomposed by a redox reaction with active free radicals.…”

“…According to the pharmacological characteristics, antibiotics can be separated into different sub‐groups such as tetracyclines, quinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides, glycopeptides, β‐lactams, and aminoglycosides [121] . In our previous work, the classification, structure, characteristics, and effects of antibiotics on the human body have been reviewed [9] . This paper mainly introduces the research progress of Cu 2 O‐based type‐II heterojunction on the degradation of TCs, QLs, and SAs.…”

Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic wastewater using TS-1/C3N4 composite photocatalyst: Reaction performance optimisation and estimation of wastewater component synergistic effect by artificial neural network and genetic algorithm

“…Photocatalytic degradation is a promising method for treating OFX wastewater due to its high efficiency, thoroughness and being ecofriendly compared with other removal methods such as physical absorption, microbial decomposition and membrane separation [4][5][6][7]. Recently, carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 ) has received much attention due to its good response to visible light and being eco-friendly [8]. The rapid recombination of photo-induced electrons and holes restricted the application of C 3 N 4 .…”