Application of glucose oxidase for the production of metal gluconates by fermentation

Abstract

The present study deals with the application of glucose oxidase (GOX) for the production of metal gluconates by fermentation method. It provides a method for the conversion of glucose into gluconic acid and its derivatives using the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOX). Due to the presence of calcium carbonate in fermentation medium the gluconic acid is converted into calcium gluconate. Conditions like concentration of substrate, temperature, pH, fermentation period and different phosphate sources were optimized during fermentation. The maximum GOX activity was observed at 35°C (pH 5.5) after 44 h of incubation at 100 rpm. At the maximum enzyme activity, the percentage yield of gluconates are also maximum; both go side by side. Sulphuric and oxalic acids method were employed for the production of gluconic acid. Derivatives of gluconic acid that is, calcium lactate gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, zinc gluconate and copper gluconate were formed by using double displacement and direct methods. The direct method gave the better yield. The percentage yields were 73, 89.63, 81.93, 92.86 and 81.53%, respectively.

Improvement Strategies, Cost Effective Production, and Potential Applications of Fungal Glucose Oxidase (GOD): Current Updates

“…Sodium gluconate has great potential to chelate metal ions and can be used to remove bitterness from food stuff (Costa et al, 2015; Pal et al, 2016). Pharmaceutical application of calcium gluconate has been confirmed for the treatment of calcium associated deficiencies (Khurshid et al, 2013), whereas for the treatment of common cold, wound healing, and zinc-deficiency associated with delayed sexual maturation, infection susceptibility, mental lethargy, and skin rashes have been well-treated using zinc gluconate.…”

“…It has been reported that GA production through GOD catalyzed reaction is highly dependent on the substrates used, oxygen concentration and temperature (Ramachandran et al, 2006; Khurshid et al, 2013). Moreover, the catalytic efficiency for the conversion of glucose to GA is highly dependent on the stability of GOD.…”

Improving glucose oxidase catalysis in Aspergillus niger via Vitreoscilla hemoglobin fusion protein

“…Moreover, it is worth noting that the Gox-catalyzed reaction is highly dependent on oxygen availability, which has been identified as a limiting factor in industrial production processes (Canete-Rodriguez et al 2016;Singh and Kumar 2007). Previous research has shown that optimizing oxygen transfer and concentration can significantly enhance the production of gluconic acid (Bankar et al 2009;Dubey et al 2017;Khurshid et al 2013). Such optimization may result in higher aeration costs during actual production, thereby limiting the economic benefits of gluconic acid products.…”