Application of information-motivation-behavioral skills model in adherence to diet and reduction of depression among HIV-positive patients: health promotion strategy 90-90-90

Abstract

Introduction: Nutrition, an important component of health, promotes immune system function in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Considering that chronic diseases cause depression in these patients, we aimed to investigate the effec tiveness of the informationmotivationbehavioral skills (IMB) model in adherence to diet and depres sion among HIVpositive patients. Material and methods:This intervention was conducted among 122 HIV/AIDS patients over 18 years of age, who referred to the Behavioral Clinic of Kerman Province, Iran in 2018. The census sampling method was applied and 122 patients were selected. Later, the participants were divided into the in tervention and control groups randomly. The educational intervention was performed according to the IMB model for the intervention group, while the control group did not receive any training pro gram. Finally, the standard Beck Depression Inventory and the 24hour recall questionnaire were ad ministered among all participants prior to and 3 months after the intervention. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS 24 using descriptive analysis, the MannWhitney test, and the pairedsample ttest.Results: A total of 122 HIV/AIDS patients with an average age of 41.88 ± 9.46 years participated in the study. After the intervention, the mean energy intake (410.92 ± 103.37), total fat (24.08 ± 7.9), satu rated fat (7.39 ± 0.80), and sugar (35.96 ± 13.70) intake decreased in the intervention group. The differ ence in depression scores was not significant before and after the intervention (p = 0.2) in HIV/AIDS patients who had depression (72.1%). Conclusions:The IMB model can be effective in promoting adherence to a healthy diet, but it failed to reduce depression in HIV patients. Therefore, these patients are recommended to attend group therapy counseling based on cognitivesocial theory to reduce depression.

Perceived HIV Stigma and Associated Factors Among Adult ART Patients in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…14,15 Perceived HIV stigma among PLHIV impedes the nutritional and HIV care programs. 16 In Ethiopia, PLHIV avoids going to therapeutic feeding centers to receive therapeutic foods such as plumpy nuts and avoids going nearer to health facilities for ART drugs in fear of being exposed to the public. 17,18 Moreover, high perceived HIV stigma among PLHIV compromises the retention of patients in HIV care increases the incidence of mental health problems and affects the overall quality of life.…”