Application of item response theory to tests of substance-related associative memory.

Shono, Yusuke; Grenard, Jerry L.; Ames, Susan L.; Stacy, Alan W.

doi:10.1037/a0035877

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In addition, recent research has also seen the application of advanced statistical models, including those based on item response theory (IRT) and multinomial models (e.g., the quadruple process model; Conrey, Sherman, Gawronski, Hugenberg, & Groom, 2005). IRT has been used to improve the measurement of memory biases assessed via free response (see Shono, Grenard, Ames, & Stacy, 2014), whereas the quad model has been used to disentangle the underlying (impulsive and control) processes in RT measures of memory bias, as measures of implicit biases are not process-pure (see O 'Connor, Lopez-Vergara, & Colder, 2012). fMRI has also been used to study neural correlates of RT measures of memory bias (see Ames et al, 2014), and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures have been used to evaluate neurocognitive correlates of measures of automatic action tendencies and their relation to drinking escalation (Korucuoglu, Gladwin, & Wiers, 2014;.…”

Section: Advances In Implicit Cognitive Biasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dual process perspective on advances in cognitive science and alcohol use disorder

Lindgren

Hendershot

Ramirez

et al. 2019

Clinical Psychology Review

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There is a tremendous global and national (US) burden associated with alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Further, of the mental health disorders, AUD has the widest treatment gap. Thus, there is a critical need for improved understanding of the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of AUD. The application of cognitive science to the study of AUD has a longstanding history of attempting to meet this need. In this selective review, we identified and focused on four domains of recent (i.e., in the last decade) applications of cognitive science to the study of AUD: implicit cognitive biases, executive function, behavioral economic approaches to alcohol decision making, and functional connectivity neuroimaging. We highlighted advances within these four domains and considered them in the context of dual process models of addiction, which focus on the contribution and interplay of two complementary neurocognitive systems (impulsive and control systems). Findings across the domains were generally consistent with dual process models. They also suggest the need for further model refinements, including integrating behavioral economic approaches and findings from functional connectivity neuroimaging studies. Research evaluating candidate interventions associated with these domains is emergent but promising, suggesting important directions for future research.

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Section: Advances In Implicit Cognitive Biasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dual process perspective on advances in cognitive science and alcohol use disorder

Lindgren

Hendershot

Ramirez

et al. 2019

Clinical Psychology Review

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“…Stimuli came from frequency norms generated in our previous research. Validated self‐coding, computerized procedures (; also see ) resulted in binary scores (0/1) for a set of risky associations (e.g. alcohol use) that were summed to yield indexes of associative strength in memory, range = 0–8, for each drug outcome .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Word association tests have shown stable test–retest reliability, with correlations ranging from 0.54 to 0.83 over 1–6‐month intervals . Additionally, indicators of associations from these tests form a common factor with sufficient internal consistency and good predictive utility in drug use research .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Separate spontaneous drug use association factors were conceptualized as latent constructs, with three parcels comprised of compound cues, cue behavior associations and outcome‐behavior association items for alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. Cues were selected that formed a reliable scale on a single dimension using a unidimensional item response theory model and then items were assigned randomly to one of three parcels (sum of three randomly selected items formed each parcel). Because applying random methods to a multi‐dimensional set of items may lead to biased estimates of parameters, unidimensional item response theory was utilized to examine the dimensionality of the association item set.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indicators consisted of sums of multiple items or parcel scores. The parcel method was used to combine trials to create more reliable and valid indicators for the latent constructs , and the latent constructs have been found previously to form homogeneous factors . Individual trials were assigned randomly to one of three parcels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adolescents at risk for drug abuse: a 3‐year dual‐process analysis

et al. 2017

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Aims To test longitudinal additive and synergistic dual process models in youth at documented risk for drug use. The specific dual process approach examined suggests that engaging in drug use behaviors results from a dynamic interplay between automatically-activated associative memory processes and executive reflective/control processes. Design This 3-year, three-wave population-based prospective study used mobile computer-based assessments. Setting Self-directed computer assessments were completed in school settings in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California, USA. Participants 725 at-risk adolescents (44% female) in continuation high schools were recruited during 9th grade (age at recruitment, 14 to 16). Measurements Key outcome measures included past year alcohol, marijuana and cigarette use at each assessment. Predictors included working memory capacity (WMC), associative memory, the interaction term WMC by associative memory, sex, age, ethnicity, and acculturation. Findings A significant cross-sectional interaction revealed tobacco-relevant associations were weaker predictors of cigarette use among males with higher WMC than among those with lower WMC (p<0.004). Alternatively, drug-relevant associations were stronger predictors of past year alcohol (p<0.001) and marijuana use (p=0.02) among females with higher WMC than among those with lower WMC. Longitudinal analyses revealed no significant interactions after adjusting for predictive effects of previous drug use. With respect to WMC, females with higher WMC were less likely to use marijuana at two-year follow-up (p=0.03). First-order effects of drug-related associations prospectively predicted greater alcohol and marijuana use in males at one and two-year follow up (p≤0.03), and greater past year alcohol and marijuana use in females at one-year follow up (p≤0.03). Conclusions Drug-relevant memory associations play a key role in drug use behavior in at-risk youth.

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