Application of Mn_xFe_1–xFe₂O₄ (x = 0–1) Nanoparticles in Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia: Correlation with Cation Distribution and Magnetostructural Properties

Abstract

Optimization of manganese-substituted iron oxide nanoferrites having the composition Mn x Fe 1−x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0−1) has been achieved by the chemical coprecipitation method. The crystallite size and phase purity were analyzed from X-ray diffraction. With increases in Mn 2+ concentration, the crystallite size varies from 5.78 to 9.94 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis depicted particle sizes ranging from 10 ± 0.2 to 13 ± 0.2 nm with increasing Mn 2+ substitution. The magnetization (M s ) value varies significantly with increasing Mn 2+ substitution. The variation in the magnetic properties may be attributed to the substitution of Fe 2+ ions by Mn 2+ ions inducing a change in the superexchange interaction between the A and B sublattices. The self-heating characteristics of Mn x Fe 1−x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0−1) nanoparticles (NPs) in an AC magnetic field are evaluated by specific absorption rate (SAR) and intrinsic loss power, both of which are presented with varying NP composition, NP concentration, and field amplitudes. Mn 0.75 Fe 0.25 Fe 2 O 4 exhibited superior induction heating properties in terms of a SAR of 153.76 W/g. This superior value of SAR with an optimized Mn 2+ content is presented in correlation with the cation distribution of Mn 2+ in the A or B position in the Fe 3 O 4 structure and enhancement in magnetic saturation. These optimized Mn 0.75 Fe 0.25 Fe 2 O 4 NPs can be used as a promising candidate for hyperthermia applications.

Functionalized manganese iron oxide nanoparticles: a dual potential magneto-chemotherapeutic cargo in a 3D breast cancer model

“…The resulting solution was then precipitated with NaOH, added directly, and maintained at 70 °C to 80 °C for two hours until co-precipitation occurred at pH 12. 18 The precipitation of the MIONPs formed according to the following reaction:0.75Mn(OH) 2 ·(2.25)Fe(OH) 6 → Mn 0.75 Fe 2.25 O 4 + 4H 2 O.…”

“…S1 (ESI †). 18 To conjugate the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) with CS-MIONPs, EDC/NHS coupling chemistry was employed. In the initial step, 1.00 mg of DOX was dissolved in 1 mL of DW.…”

“…The utilization of 3D models allows for conducting magneto-chemotherapy (MCT) analysis with increased clinical significance, enabling comprehensive investigations of magnetic parameter optimization, distribution of MIONPs, heat dissipation, therapeutic effects, and the development of acquired thermotolerance in cancer cells. These 3D models have demonstrated their ability to faithfully 18 The precipitation of the MIONPs formed according to the following reaction: The precipitate was recovered by magnetic decantation and double-distilled water was used to wash it away. The cleaned precipitate was dried at room temperature.…”

Review on Medical Applications of Manganese Oxide (Mn2+, Mn3+, and Mn4+) Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…Gupta and Sharma [126] reported Mn-doped magnetic nanoclusters by hydrothermal synthesis route with SAR value ∼600 W/g MNC observed at 250 µg/mL. Phalake et al [127] stated that Mn 0.75 Fe 0.25 Fe 2 O 4 demonstrated a remarkable SAR value of 153.76 W/g which is due to the substitution of Mn 2+ in A or B position in the Fe 3 O 4 structure. Recently, Shah et al [128] investigated the lauric acid coated Mn-Zn-based ferrofluid for hyperthermia against HeLa and MG-63.…”