Application of Optimum N Through Different Fertilizers Alleviate NH4+-N, NO3–N and Total Nitrogen Losses in the Surface Runoff and Leached Water and Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice Crop in Erhai Lake Basin, China

Husain, Arif; Muneer, Muhammad Atif; Wu, Fan; Yin, Gaofei; Shen, Suhung; Wang, Feng; Li, Yuan; Zhang, Keqiang

doi:10.1080/00103624.2019.1589482

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In this study, after just fertilization, regardless of the fertilization stages, the concentrations of various N and P forms in the surface water of paddy fields were increased compared with CK (Figures 2 and 3), indicating a potential risk of nutrient loss at the beginning of each fertilization stage. Application of suitable fertilizer types, reasonable control of fertilization amount, and improvement of the fertilizer utilization rate of crops are necessary measures to reduce nutrient loss via runoff in paddy fields [25][26][27]. Moreover, as the fertilizers with the largest amount, the rational selection of N−fertilizer types is the key to controlling the N loss via runoff in paddy fields [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types

et al. 2023

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As the saline-alkali paddy area continues to grow, the nutrient (e.g., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) runoff loss is becoming more serious in the world. The N-fertilizer application affects the nutrient runoff loss risk in paddy. Selecting suitable fertilizer types to reduce nutrient loss is beneficial to agricultural sustainability. However, the effects of N-fertilizer application in saline-alkali paddy are not clear. This study measured the N and P concentration of surface water in saline-alkali paddy, using various N—fertilizer treatments (i.e., urea (U), urea with urease—nitrification inhibitors (UI), organic–inorganic compound fertilizer (OCF), carbon—based slow—release fertilizer (CSF), and no N fertilization (CK)). Based on the structural equation model, both phosphate (PO43−-P) and total−P (TP) concentrations had a positive influence on total-N (TN) concentration regardless of N−fertilizer types applied. Potential risks of ammonia—N (NH4+—N) and nitrate—N (NO3−—N) runoff losses were reduced in UI treatment, but the TN and TP losses were increased. At the panicle-initiation fertilizer stage, the NO3−−N, TN, and TP concentrations in CSF and OCF treatments were lower than U. The CSF application can control the TP runoff loss risk during the rice-growing season. UI should not be suggested for the control of nutrient runoff loss in saline-alkali paddy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types

et al. 2023

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“…(2017) , the NUE in CRU was obviously improved compared with the FP treatment in this study. Also, Husain et al. (2019) found that the CRU treatment (nitrogen fertilizer reduced by 20%) increased grain yield and reduced nitrogen loss from runoff and leaching compared with the FP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Controlled-release urea application and optimized nitrogen applied strategy reduced nitrogen leaching and maintained grain yield of paddy fields in Northwest China

Liu

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Nitrogen loss from paddy fields contributes to most of the nitrogen pollution load in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area, threatening the water quality of the Yellow River. Consequently, optimizing the nitrogen management practices in this area is essential, which can maintain paddy grain productivity and reduce nitrogen loss simultaneously. Five treatments with different nitrogen application rates and nitrogen fertilizer types were set in this study, including conventional urea application with zero nitrogen application rate (CK, 0 kg hm-2), nitrogen expert-based fertilization application strategy (NE, 210 kg hm-2), optimized nitrogen fertilizer application strategy recommended by local government (OPT, 240 kg hm-2), and farmer’s experience-based nitrogen fertilizer application strategy (FP, 300 kg hm-2), and controlled-release urea application (CRU, 180 kg hm-2). The data from one growth season field experiment in 2021 revealed the dynamics of nitrogen concentration, paddy yield and its nitrogen uptake characteristic, and nitrogen balance in the paddy field under different nitrogen application practices. Most nitrogen leaching was observed during the seedling and tillering stages in the form of nitrate nitrogen (NO3–N). Compared with the FP, the CRU and OPT significantly reduced the nitrogen concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and NO3–N in the surface and soil water and reduced the nitrogen leaching at 100 cm soil depth. Meanwhile, the paddy grain yield in CRU (7737 kg hm-2) and OPT (7379 kg hm-2) was not significantly decreased compared with FP (7918 kg hm-2), even though the nitrogen uptake by grain and straw was higher in FP (135 kg hm-2) than in other treatments (52.10~126.40 kg hm-2). However, the grain yield in NE (6972 kg hm-2) was decreased compared with the FP. The differences in grain yield among these treatments were mainly attributed to the ear number and grain number changes. Also, the highest nitrogen use efficiency (40.14%), apparent nitrogen efficiency (19.53 kg kg-1), and nitrogen partial productivity (43.98 kg kg-1) were identified in CRU than in other treatments. Considering increased grain yield and reducing nitrogen loss in the paddy field simultaneously, the treatments of CRU (i.e., 180 kg hm-2 nitrogen application rate with controlled-release urea) and OPT (i.e., 240 kg hm-2 nitrogen application rate with conventional urea) were recommended for nitrogen fertilizer application in the study area.

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“…Farmers apply excessive amounts of N fertilizers, such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium nitrate, simply following the conventional concept of “the more fertilizer, the higher yield.” However, studies have shown that grain yield does not increase accordingly with the excess of applied N ( Ju et al, 2009 ; Cui et al, 2010 ; Liu et al, 2016 ). Indeed, although large amounts of N fertilizer are regularly applied as base fertilizer to increase the NH 4 + -N concentration and, thus, change the ratio of NH 4 + and NO 3 – in the soil ( Husain et al, 2019 ; Kirschke et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2020 ), a high-NH 4 + concentration may be a disadvantage for plant growth. Wheat was shown to have a specific preference for NO 3 – , and in fact, showed toxicity symptoms under high NH 4 + concentration ( Imran et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies have shown that grain yield does not increase accordingly with the excess of applied N (Ju et al, 2009;Cui et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2016). Indeed, although large amounts of N fertilizer are regularly applied as base fertilizer to increase the NH 4 + -N concentration and, thus, change the ratio of NH 4 + and NO 3 − in the soil (Husain et al, 2019;Kirschke et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020), a high-NH 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and Proteomics Analysis of Wheat Seedling Roots Reveals That Increasing NH4+/NO3– Ratio Induced Root Lignification and Reduced Nitrogen Utilization

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Wheat growth and nitrogen (N) uptake gradually decrease in response to high NH4+/NO3– ratio. However, the mechanisms underlying the response of wheat seedling roots to changes in NH4+/NO3– ratio remain unclear. In this study, we investigated wheat growth, transcriptome, and proteome profiles of roots in response to increasing NH4+/NO3– ratios (Na: 100/0; Nr1: 75/25, Nr2: 50/50, Nr3: 25/75, and Nn: 0/100). High NH4+/NO3– ratio significantly reduced leaf relative chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, and ΦII values. Both total root length and specific root length decreased with increasing NH4+/NO3– ratios. Moreover, the rise in NH4+/NO3– ratio significantly promoted O2– production. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing and tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteome analyses identified 14,376 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1,819 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis indicated that glutathione metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were the main two shared enriched pathways across ratio comparisons. Upregulated DEGs and DEPs involving glutathione S-transferases may contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress. An increment in the NH4+/NO3– ratio induced the expression of genes and proteins involved in lignin biosynthesis, which increased root lignin content. Additionally, phylogenetic tree analysis showed that both A0A3B6NPP6 and A0A3B6LM09 belong to the cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase subfamily. Fifteen downregulated DEGs were identified as high-affinity nitrate transporters or nitrate transporters. Upregulated TraesCS3D02G344800 and TraesCS3A02G350800 were involved in ammonium transport. Downregulated A0A3B6Q9B3 is involved in nitrate transport, whereas A0A3B6PQS3 is a ferredoxin-nitrite reductase. This may explain why an increase in the NH4+/NO3– ratio significantly reduced root NO3–-N content but increased NH4+-N content. Overall, these results demonstrated that increasing the NH4+/NO3– ratio at the seedling stage induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which in turn enhanced root glutathione metabolism and lignification, thereby resulting in increased root oxidative tolerance at the cost of reducing nitrate transport and utilization, which reduced leaf photosynthetic capacity and, ultimately, plant biomass accumulation.

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Application of Optimum N Through Different Fertilizers Alleviate NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^–N and Total Nitrogen Losses in the Surface Runoff and Leached Water and Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice Crop in Erhai Lake Basin, China

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types

Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types

Controlled-release urea application and optimized nitrogen applied strategy reduced nitrogen leaching and maintained grain yield of paddy fields in Northwest China

Transcriptome and Proteomics Analysis of Wheat Seedling Roots Reveals That Increasing NH4+/NO3– Ratio Induced Root Lignification and Reduced Nitrogen Utilization

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