Application of Polypyrrole Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Layer for Detection of Mercury, Lead and Iron Ions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique

Abstract

Polypyrrole multi-walled carbon nanotube composite layers were used to modify the gold layer to measure heavy metal ions using the surface plasmon resonance technique. The new sensor was fabricated to detect trace amounts of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) ions. In the present research, the sensitivity of a polypyrrole multi-walled carbon nanotube composite layer and a polypyrrole layer were compared. The application of polypyrrole multi-walled carbon nanotubes enhanced the sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor for detecting ions in an aqueous solution due to the binding of mercury, lead, and iron ions to the sensing layer. The Hg ion bonded to the sensing layer more strongly than did the Pb and Fe ions. The limitation of the sensor was calculated to be about 0.1 ppm, which produced an angle shift in the region of 0.3° to 0.6°.

Development of Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy for Metal Ion Detection

“…In 2014, polypyrrole multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PPy-MWCNTs) were used by Sadrolhosseini et al to modify a gold layer. (46) The SPR sensor is capable of detecting trace amounts of Pb, Fe, and Hg ions. The sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor were enhanced by the application of PPy-MWCNTs, such that the angle shift increased relative to the angle shift of the PPy sensing layer to measure the concentration of the above-mentioned ions.…”

Electroconducting materials based on polypyrrole

“…The areas of applications of CNT based composites are constantly increasing, so except electrodes in the supercapacitor cells, such and similar systems might be applied as sensors for heavy metals detection [114,115], but lately their application as microbial fuel cells where biomass, through the metabolic activity of microorganisms, successfully converted into electricity has been reported [116].…”

Sodium Alginate Decorated Carbon Nanotubes-Graphene Composite Aerogel for Heavy Metal Ions Detection

“…In the meanwhile, the unique electronic properties of SWNTs may help to accelerate electron transfer reactions with the electro-active species in solution. 8 Graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their composites based electrodes have drawn increasing attentions in the field of metal ions detection due to their unique physical and chemical properties including high surface area, strong mechanical strength and electric conductivity, et al 9 There are some reports on the determination of heavy metal ions using carbon nanotube modified electrode 10 and graphene-modified electrode. 11 In addition, some carbon-based nano-composites containing metal ions receptors such as cysteine 12 and chitosan, 13 which can react with metal ions and produce stable complexes, have been successfully prepared and employed in the heavy metal ions analysis.…”