This research shows the dependence of distillation time and ratio of water/peel on amount of essential oil after distilling. Researching and optimizing the factors for essential oil production by laboratory-scale distillation and the yield was evaluated using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Face-Centered (CCF) model. The regression equation obtained was shown below: 2 2 1 2 1 2 y = 0.997-0.015x + 0.04x-0.107x-0.042x. There is the contrast between distillation time and ratio of water/peel with volume of essential oil received. Optimal result is volume of essential oil was 1 ml (y) with quantity of lemon peel/batch of 50g, ratio of water/peel (x 1) was 6/1, distillation time (x 2) in 20 minutes at temperature at 100 o C. The essential oil from the peel of C. latifolia was analysed by GC-MS method. A lot of compounds were identified of which limonene, βpinene and γ-terpinenen were major components. Small amounts of trans-caryophyllene, 4-terpineol, α-terpinenen…were also detected.