Application of structural topology optimisation to perforated steel beams

Genetic Algorithm for Embodied Energy Optimisation of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams

“…Researchers are focusing on optimising the material efficiency of structures and structural systems [1][2][3][4][5] as well as on the performance of structures and buildings specifically to wind and seismic actions by minimising weight and control capacity [6][7][8][9][10][11], in order to avoid using redundant material, thus increasing the stiffness over weight ratio without compromising their capacity. However, the optimisation process can be time and resource intensive when it is done with traditional methods, thus in recent years advanced computational tools have been employed to carry out effective material distribution for structures, such as the shape and topology optimisation techniques [12][13][14][15], technologies previously used in aeronautical and automotive engineering where material savings is of ultimate importance for the performance of the shuttle and vehicles. More recently, another form of optimisation is employing large data sets, developed by advanced computational and parametric studies, which optimise the right combination of parameters through the large volume of data to be used in a structural system.…”

Estimation of Deflections in Cantilever and Fixed Castellated Beams with Hexagonal, Square and Circular Openings

“…Durif et al [28] investigated behaviour of CBs with sinusoidal openings and compared with circular openings. There are some other studies available in the literature on bending and buckling behaviour of castellated beams such as Abidin and Izzuddin [29], Yuan et al [30], Sonck et al [31], Sorkhabi et al [32], Wang et al [33,34], Ellobody and Young [35], Tsavdaridis et al [36], Sonck and Belis [37,38], Wang et al [39], Najafi and Wang [40], Grilo et al [41], Zaher et al [42] etc.…”

Behaviour of Flush End-Plate Connection for Perforated Section

“…Perforated steel section is also known as castellated section (with hexagonal openings), and cellular beams (with circular section) under the "umbrella" of perforated beam [16].The use of perforated steel section can significantly reduce the weight and cost compared to regular steel section without perforated section. Also, with greater automation, the cost of their fabrication has been reduced to the level where for certain applications they may be competitive with open-web steel joists [17].…”

“…Fatimah De'nan, Nurfarhah Naaim, Lai Chun Leong / Galeri Warisan Kejuruteraan 1(1) (2017) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] connection's geometric variables (i.e., plate/angle thickness, bolt diameter, bolt pitch, bolt gauge, etc) [13].…”