Application of the Tissue-Engineered Plant Scaffold as a Vascular Patch

Bai, Hualong; Xie, Boao; Wang, Zhiwei; Li, Mingxing; Sun, Peng; Wei, Shunbo; Wang, Wang; Wu, Haoliang; Bai, Lei; Li, Jingan

doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c00804

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Neointimal hyperplasia is still a persistent etiology of vascular graft restenosis and failure after vascular interventions 30 , and rapamycin is a commonly used drug that inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in both the clinic as well as research studies 23 , 24 . We show that decellularized fish swim bladder grafts can be coated with rapamycin and effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in both patch angioplasty and tube interposition graft models (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, whether fish swim bladder can be used in the venous system or as a patch, is not known; in addition, it is also not known whether the surface of the fish swim bladder can be coated with a therapeutic drug, and surface modification is currently an important area for research and development 21 . Rapamycin is an effective drug that is widely used to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia both in clinical 22 and in basic research 23 , 24 . Previously we showed that pericardial patches can be coated with rapamycin-containing nanoparticles to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The application of tissue-engineered fish swim bladder vascular graft

Bai

Sun

et al. 2021

Commun Biol

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Small diameter (< 6 mm) prosthetic vascular grafts continue to show very low long-term patency, but bioengineered vascular grafts show promising results in preclinical experiments. To assess a new scaffold source, we tested the use of decellularized fish swim bladder as a vascular patch and tube in rats. Fresh goldfish (Carassius auratus) swim bladder was decellularized, coated with rapamycin and then formed into patches or tubes for implantation in vivo. The rapamycin-coated patches showed decreased neointimal thickness in both the aorta and inferior vena cava patch angioplasty models. Rapamycin-coated decellularized swim bladder tubes implanted into the aorta showed decreased neointimal thickness compared to uncoated tubes, as well as fewer macrophages. These data show that the fish swim bladder can be used as a scaffold source for tissue-engineering vascular patches or vessels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of tissue-engineered fish swim bladder vascular graft

Bai

Sun

et al. 2021

Commun Biol

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“…In another step forward, it was recently demonstrated that decellularized plant tissue could be used as an implantable drug delivery system [107]. First, rapamycin-loaded nano-particles were conjugated onto decellularized plant scaffolds.…”

Section: Biocompatibility Demonstration and The First In Vivo Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

Harris

Lacombe

Zenhausern

2021

IJMS

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The decellularization of plant-based biomaterials to generate tissue-engineered substitutes or in vitro cellular models has significantly increased in recent years. These vegetal tissues can be sourced from plant leaves and stems or fruits and vegetables, making them a low-cost, accessible, and sustainable resource from which to generate three-dimensional scaffolds. Each construct is distinct, representing a wide range of architectural and mechanical properties as well as innate vasculature networks. Based on the rapid rise in interest, this review aims to detail the current state of the art and presents the future challenges and perspectives of these unique biomaterials. First, we consider the different existing decellularization techniques, including chemical, detergent-free, enzymatic, and supercritical fluid approaches that are used to generate such scaffolds and examine how these protocols can be selected based on plant cellularity. We next examine strategies for cell seeding onto the plant-derived constructs and the importance of the different functionalization methods used to assist in cell adhesion and promote cell viability. Finally, we discuss how their structural features, such as inherent vasculature, porosity, morphology, and mechanical properties (i.e., stiffness, elasticity, etc.) position plant-based scaffolds as a unique biomaterial and drive their use for specific downstream applications. The main challenges in the field are presented throughout the discussion, and future directions are proposed to help improve the development and use of vegetal constructs in biomedical research.

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“…5 We previously showed a similar patch healing process of different prosthetic and biological materials, such as bovine pericardial patches, 22,23 polyester patches, 17 decellularized human saphenous vein patches, 18 decellularized rat thoracic aorta patches, 24,15 and patches from plants. 25 They showed similar healing processes, such as cell infiltration into the patch, endothelial cell infiltration, cell proliferation, and neointima and adventitia formation. This elastin patch also showed a similar patch healing process.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In this research, we used the hydrogel to secure the elastin fiber scaffolds. Because the elastin fibers were fabricated piece by piece, the hydrogel could effectively secure the elastin fiber during subcutaneous implantation; this hydrogel can be safely used in animals and can also be used as a drug delivery system to accelerate cell migration and infiltration into the elastin, similar to the native extracellular matrix. , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic Elastin Fiber Patch in Rat Aorta Angioplasty

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Vascular grafts significantly contribute to advances in vascular surgery, but none of the currently available prosthetic grafts have elastin fibers similar to native arteries. We hypothesized that a novel elastin patch could be produced after a rat decellularized thoracic aorta elastin fiber scaffold is implanted subcutaneously in rats; we tested this novel elastin patch in a rat aortic arterioplasty model. Methods: Sprague−Dawley rats (200 g) were used. Rat thoracic aortae were decellularized and sectioned at a thickness of 30 μm. A single elastin fiber scaffold was fabricated as a net (5 × 5 mm 2 ), and then a three-layer scaffold was constructed to make a new patch. The hyaluronic acid−sodium alginate (HA/SA) hydrogel was fabricated by reacting sodium SA, HA, and CaCO 3 , and then the hydrogel was added to the patch to secure the elastin fibers. The patches were implanted subcutaneously in rats and harvested at day 14. The elastin patches were then implanted into the same rat's aorta and harvested at day 14; a decellularized rat thoracic aorta (TA) patch was used as a control. Sections of the retrieved patches were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: The elastin fibers could be secured by the hydrogel. After 14 days, the subcutaneously implanted elastin patch was incorporated into the rat tissue, and H&E staining showed that new tissue had formed around the elastin patch with almost no hydrogel left. After implantation into the rat aorta and then retrieval on day 14, H&E staining showed that there was neointima and adventitia formation in both the TA and elastin patch groups. Both patches showed a similar histological structure after implantation, and immunofluorescence showed that there were CD34-and nestin-positive cells in the neointima. In both groups, the endothelial cells expressed the arterial identity markers Ephrin-B2 and dll-4; almost one-third of the cells in the neointima were PCNA-positive with rare cleaved caspase-3-positive cells. Conclusion: We demonstrated a novel approach to making elastin fiber scaffold hydrogel patches (elastin patches) and tested them in a rat aorta arterioplasty model. This patch showed a similar healing process as the decellularized TA patch; it also showed potential applications in large animals and may be a substitute for prosthetic grafts in vascular surgery.

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Application of the Tissue-Engineered Plant Scaffold as a Vascular Patch

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

The application of tissue-engineered fish swim bladder vascular graft

The application of tissue-engineered fish swim bladder vascular graft

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

Biomimetic Elastin Fiber Patch in Rat Aorta Angioplasty

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