“…Methods based on time-frequency denoising [20,21] form a large class of seismic denoising techniques. In this approach, noisy time series are first transformed into the timefrequency domain using a time-frequency transform, such as a wavelet transform [22,23,24,25,26,27], Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) [28], S-transform [29], curvelet transform [30,31,32], dreamlet transform [33], contourlet zhuwq@stanford.edu transform [34], shearlet transform [35], empirical mode decomposition [36,37,38,37,39,40], etc. The resulting timefrequency coefficients are modified (thresholded) to attenuate the coefficients associated with noise and to find an estimate of the signal coefficients.…”