Application of two-dimensional polystyrene arrays in the fabrication of ordered silicon pillars

Zhang, Y.J.; Li, W.; Chen, K.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.184

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To overcome this challenge we recommend adapting a well-tested method for sizecontrollable nanostructure array formation using self-assembled polystyrene beads. [47][48][49] In this nanosphere lithography method polystyrene beads are applied to the surface of the PV and close packed through self-assembly. The size of the columns and the spacing is controlled by selection of the initial bead sizes and subsequent reactive ion etching.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-resonant silver nano-disk patterned thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells for Staebler-Wronski effect compensation

Vora

Gwamuri

Pearce

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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We study polarization independent improved light trapping in commercial thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar photovoltaic cells using a three-dimensional silver array of multi-resonant nano-disk structures embedded in a silicon nitride anti-reflection coating (ARC) to enhance optical absorption in the intrinsic layer (i-a-Si:H) for the visible spectrum for any polarization angle. Predicted total optical enhancement (OE) in absorption in the i-a-Si:H for AM-1.5 solar spectrum is 18.51% as compared to the reference, and producing a 19.65% improvement in short-circuit current density (JSC) over 11.7 mA/cm 2 for a reference cell. The JSC in the nano-disk patterned solar cell (NDPSC) was found to be higher than the commercial reference structure for any incident angle. The NDPSC has a multi-resonant optical response for the visible spectrum and the associated mechanism for OE in i-a-Si:H layer is excitation of Fabry-Perot resonance facilitated by surface plasmon resonances. The detrimental Staebler-Wronski effect (SWE) in a-Si:H solar cell can be minimized by the additional OE in the NDPSC and self-annealing of defect states by additional heat generation, thus likely improving the overall stabilized characteristics of a-Si:H solar cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-resonant silver nano-disk patterned thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells for Staebler-Wronski effect compensation

Vora

Gwamuri

Pearce

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…31,32 Other techniques to make black silicon do not need photolithography. The masks are made of silica or polystyrene [33][34][35] particles directly deposited on silicon.…”

Section: Black Siliconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of nanostructured materials: a review

2011

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Abstract. Depending on the size of the smallest feature, the interaction of light with structured materials can be very different. This fundamental problem is treated by different theories. If first order theories are sufficient to describe the scattering from low roughness surfaces, second order or even higher order theories must be used for high roughness surfaces. Random surface structures can then be designed to distribute the light in different propagation directions. For complex structures such as black silicon, which reflects very little light, the theory needs further development. When the material is periodically structured, we speak about photonic crystals or metamaterials. Different theoretical approaches have been developed and experimental techniques are rapidly progressing. However, some work still remains to understand the full potential of this field. When the material is structured in dimension much smaller than the wavelength, the notion of complex refractive index must be revisited. Plasmon resonance can be excited by a progressing wave on metallic nanoparticles inducing a shaping of the absorption band and of the dispersion of the extinction coefficient. This addresses the problem of the permittivity of such metallic nanoparticles. The coupling between several metallic nanoparticles induces a field enhancement in the surrounding media, which can increase phenomena like scattering, absorption, luminescence, or Raman scattering. For semiconductor nanoparticles, electron confinement also induces a modulated absorption spectra. The refractive index is then modified. The bandgap of the material is changed because of the discretization of the electron energy, which can be controlled by the nanometers size particles. Such quantum dots behave like atoms and become luminescent. The lifetime of the electron in the excited states are much larger than in continuous energy bands. Electrons in coupled quantum dots behave as they do in molecules. Many applications should be forthcoming in the near future in this field of research. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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“…It was proposed that diameter of thinned PS particles d and oxygen etching time t obeyed the empirical equation 20,46,47 …”

Section: B Effects Of O 2 Plasma Rie To Ps Nanospheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanosphere lithography (NSL) [9][10][11][12] is a promising nanofabrication technology that is inexpensive, high-throughput, materials general a Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. and has been demonstrated to be well suited to fabricate nanoholes, [13][14][15] metallic nanomesh electrodes, 16,17 or silicon, [18][19][20] noble metal, 21 cobalt, 22,23 and gallium nitride nanorod arrays. 24 The function of NSL relies on templates for nanostructure patterning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Window-assisted nanosphere lithography for vacuum micro-nano-electronics

Pang

Yan

et al. 2015

AIP Advances

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Development of vacuum micro-nano-electronics is quite important for combining the advantages of vacuum tubes and solid-state devices but limited by the prevailing fabricating techniques which are expensive, time consuming and low-throughput. In this work, window-assisted nanosphere lithography (NSL) technique was proposed and enabled the low-cost and high-efficiency fabrication of nanostructures for vacuum micro-nano-electronic devices, thus allowing potential applications in many areas. As a demonstration, we fabricated high-density field emitter arrays which can be used as cold cathodes in vacuum micro-nano-electronic devices by using the window-assisted NSL technique. The details of the fabricating process have been investigated. This work provided a new and feasible idea for fabricating nanostructure arrays for vacuum micro-nano-electronic devices, which would spawn the development of vacuum micro-nano-electronics.

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Application of two-dimensional polystyrene arrays in the fabrication of ordered silicon pillars

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Multi-resonant silver nano-disk patterned thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells for Staebler-Wronski effect compensation

Multi-resonant silver nano-disk patterned thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells for Staebler-Wronski effect compensation

Optical properties of nanostructured materials: a review

Window-assisted nanosphere lithography for vacuum micro-nano-electronics

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