Application of ultrasound for nanomaterials synthesis

The effect of TiO2 nanotubes on the sintering behavior and properties of PZT ceramics

“…There are many methods for the fabrication of TiO 2 nanotubes and nanowires: treating TiO 2 power with highly concentrated NaOH, hydrothermal treatment [9][10][11], the sol-gel method [12] and so on. In this study, for the synthesis of TiO 2 nanotubes, commercial TiO 2 powders (Merks 99%, Germany) were added to a 10 mol l −1 NaOH solution in a pyrex beaker, which was sonicated by ultrasonic transducer (32 kHz, 100 W), as described in our previous work [13].…”