Application of wide-spectrum light-emitting diodes in micropropagation of popular ornamental plant species: a study on plant quality and cost reduction

Abstract

In the present study, the applicability of four wide-spectrum light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting warm light (AP67, AP673L, G2, and NS1) was determined for the micropropagation of five popular ornamental plant species: Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum, Gerbera jamesonii, Heuchera × hybrida, Ficus benjamina, and Lamprocapnos spectabilis. Plantlets were grown in a growth room with a 16-h photoperiod. The photosynthetic photon flux density was set at 62-65 μmol m −2 s −1. The composition of the media and subculture timing were adjusted to the needs of each species tested. The results were compared to the cool daylight-emitting fluorescent (FL) control (TLD 36W/54). In most of the species studied (except for F. benjamina), the highest propagation ratios, or ratios similar to the FL control, were observed under the red-and far-red-abundant G2 LEDs. NS1 spectrum (with the highest proportion of blue and green light) was also efficient for G. jamesonii and L. spectabilis, and it provided a similar propagation ratio as the FL control. Light quality affected shoot length, number of leaves, callus regeneration, and the biosynthesis of chlorophyll. This influence, however, was species-dependent. Lighting conditions did not affect the dry matter and rooting in most of the species tested, except for G. jamesonii. The substitution of FLs with G2 LEDs can result in a 50% reduction of annual electricity costs, while the application of NS1 lamps can generate savings of up to 75%. In conclusion, the G2 LED lighting system seemed to be the most suitable in terms of propagation efficiency, plantlet quality, and cost reduction.

An efficient in vitro regeneration system from different wild apple (Malus sieversii) explants

“…However, the transverse thin cell layers of domestic apples used as explants under light showed higher shoot regeneration capacity than those under a dark treatment [28]. Additionally, adventitious shooting is species dependent [29]. Moreover, darkness negatively influences on leaf stomatal closure and leads to stomatal opening [30].…”

Different LED Light Intensities and 6-Benzyladenine Concentrations in Relation to Shoot Development, Leaf Architecture, and Photosynthetic Pigments of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus In Vitro

“…The effects of light are caused by the total amount of energy that reaches a plant and how much light is utilized by it [1]. In plant production, in addition to light quality and photoperiod, light intensity is also very important, and each plant species requires its optimal photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) to be determined [2,3].…”

“…Currently, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are often used for in vitro cultures because of the many associated advantages when compared to previously used lamps [18,19]. The most important advantage is the ability to set a selected, narrow spectrum of light that matches the absorbance of plant photoreceptors [3,20]. The most important light parameter for plants cultured in vitro is photosynthetic photon flux density in the range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).…”

Influence of light conditions on the morphogenetic and biochemical response of selected ornamental plant species under in vitro conditions: a mini-review

“…FLs also have a limited efficiency. Although they provide plants with light in a broad wavelength range (350-750 nm), they emit little photosynthetically active radiation (PAR = 20-30%) due to the shortage of red light and far-red light (Miler et al, 2019). Hence, it is currently recommended to use light-emitting diodes (LEDs).…”