Applications of Aeromagnetic and Electrical Resistivity Data for Mapping Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Potentials of Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Optimal mapping of groundwater resource is usually accomplished using integrated geophysical survey in which two or more techniques are applied. In this work, spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data was used to map the topography of the magnetic crystalline fresh basement underlying the water bearing aquifer of Dutse, Jigawa State Nigeria. Vertical electric sounding technique was used to detect the spatial distribution of the depths to the top of the aquifer within the same area.  The overall goal of the work is to determine the groundwater potential of the area by mapping the spatial distribution of groundwater availability based on aquifer thickness and basement topography. The aquifer depth was found to be within the range of 5 to 15 m with a mean value of 10 m. The basement was found to be highly undulating having depths ranging from 6 to 69 m with a mean value of 24 m. The existence of isolated deep depressions within the basement which appears to be filled by water bearing sediments was thought to be favorable structures for groundwater accumulation. The spatial distribution of groundwater potential was therefore mapped in a reclassified image of three zones, high, moderate and low. The study therefore provides a vital tool for groundwater exploitation and management strategies.