Applications of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy in biological and medicinal inorganic chemistry

Abstract

There is a wide range of potential applications of inorganic compounds, and metal coordination complexes in particular, in medicine but progress is hampered by a lack of methods to study their speciation. The biological activity of metal complexes is determined by the metal itself, its oxidation state, the types and number of coordinated ligands and their strength of binding, the geometry of the complex, redox potential and ligand exchange rates. For organic drugs a variety of readily observed spin I = 1/2 nuclei can be used (1H, 13C, 15N, 19F, 31P), but only a few metals fall into this category. Most are quadrupolar nuclei giving rise to broad lines with low detection sensitivity (for biological systems). However we show that, in some cases, heteronuclear NMR studies can provide new insights into the biological and medicinal chemistry of a range of elements and these data will stimulate further advances in this area

Effective Kinetic Methods and Tools in Investigating the Mechanism of Action of Specific Hydrolases

“…those having a non-spherical charge distribution and an electric quadrupole moment. Unfortunately, for a large number of biologically relevant elements, the only NMR-active isotopes are those with nuclear spins greater than ½ (Ronconi & Sadler 2008). The study of 13 C nuclei through NMR spectroscopy is an important technique for determining the number of nonequivalent carbons and to identify the types of carbon atoms that may be present in a compound (Pavia www.intechopen.com et al, 2009).…”

Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Structural, Thermal, and Behavioral Properties of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treated Zinc Chloride

“…It plays an important role in catalytic, structural or regulation in enzymes in the body, which involved in the nucleic acid and protein metabolism as well as for the production of energy. Zinc also maintains the structural integrity of the biological membranes resulting in their protection against oxidative injury [1][2]. As a metallotherapeutic agent, zinc possesses various pharmacological activities include fertility enhancing, retinoprotective, and putative antiviral activities [3].…”

Physicochemical, Thermal, Structural, and Behavioral Properties Analysis in Magnesium Gluconate: An Effect of the Energy of Consciousness (The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>)

“…This ion is also a crucial cofactor for many RNA and DNA processing enzymes as well as for those enzymes using AMP, ADP, or ATP as substrates [1][2][3]. Hence, magnesium ion is an essential mineral element in human and animal nutrition.…”

“…Hence, magnesium ion is an essential mineral element in human and animal nutrition. It is also used as a metallotherapeutic agent to treat many diseases such as asthma, arrhythmias, acute myocardial infarction, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Perioperative magnesium supplementation is found to be very useful in the management of postoperative pain by inhibiting postoperative hypomagnesia as well as reducing the incidence of postoperative shivering [9,10].…”