Applications of High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry to the Identification and Quantitative Analysis of Nonionic Sufactants.

Flanagan, P. W.; Greff, R. A.; Smith, Harold F.

doi:10.1021/ac60202a022

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The surfactant we used, This average, r~, can be determined by proton NMR spectroscopy. In the NMR spectrum the aliphatic, the aromatic, and the ethylene oxide hydrogen atoms give rise to signals at three distinct positions, centered at about 1, 7, and 4 ppm, respectively [11]. The spectrum of our surfactant is presented in figure 1 and from the integrated signal we calculated r~ = 6.8, in good agreement with the specifications of the supplier.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Surfactantsupporting

confidence: 75%

Viscoelasticity and microstructure of non-ionic microemulsions

Eshuis

Mellema

1984

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Non-ionic microemulsions were investigated by viscoelastic measurements in the kHz region. We found that in some parts of the phase diagram our systems consisted of a dispersion of spherical oil doplets, stabilized by a non-ionic surfactant, in a continuous phase of almost pure water. Because of the simplicity of the system used it was relatively easy to interpret our measurements in terms of two rheological models developed by 01droyd. Using these models, we could calculate the interracial tension between the continuous and the dispersed phase. In other parts of the phase diagram, however, our results indicate the presence of a fluctuating network of oil-swollen cylindrical micelles.

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Section: Analysis Of the Surfactantsupporting

confidence: 75%

Viscoelasticity and microstructure of non-ionic microemulsions

Eshuis

Mellema

1984

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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“…Multiply by 14, the MW of a methylene unit. Add 46, the MW of the terminal methyl, the a methylene and the hydroxyl group: average MW of precursor ROH = [(Region 2)/2 9 14] + 46 [2] The number of EO groups attached is calculated by subtracting 2, for the a methylene protons, from Region 3, and then dividing by 4, the number of protons in EO: average moles EO per ethoxylate = [{Region 3) -2]/4 [3] The MW of the n-alcohol ethoxylate EO chain is obtained by multiplying the number (#) of EO units in the chain by 44, the MW of EO: average MW of the EO chain = (# EO) 9 44 [4] The As a trial calculation, the % EO is calculated for the spectrum in Figure 1. The result is 39.84% EO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NMR method to determine wt% EO is by no means new (3)(4)(5)(6). However, this is the first validation of proton data from a Fourier transform NMR spectrometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of ethylene oxide content inn‐Alcohol ethoxylates by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Hammond¹,

Kubik²

1994

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Proton Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data were collected on n-alcohol ethoxylates and used to calculate the percent ethylene oxide (EO) content of the n-alcohol ethoxylate without an internal or external standard. The accuracy and precision of the method were determined from ten repetitive analyses of hexaethylene glycol mono n-dodecyl ether. The standard deviation was 0.23 wt% EO with a relative standard deviation of 0.40%. The method had a relative error of +0.55% and an absolute error of +0.32% EO.KEY WORDS: Ethylene oxide, n-alcohol ethoxylatc analysis, NMR.

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“…The method of NMR analysis has been previously described (1). The analyses on the cuts were given as the average moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.…”

Section: L~luclear Magnetic Resonance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Component distribution of alcohol ethylene oxide adducts

Weimer

Cooper

1966

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The relative reaction constants for the basecatalyzed ethoxylation of primary straight chain alcohols have been determined for the unreacted alcohol and the first three ethylene oxide adducts. The distribution of the ethoxylates was found using molecular distillation, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and gas liquid partition chromatography.A mathematical model describing the distributions was set up and programmed on a 7090 digital computer. Solution of the program gave the relative reaction constants for the alcohol and the first three adduets.The relative reactivities of the adducts in the base-catalyzed ethoxylation of primary straight chain alcohols are shown to increase with adduct number, but tend to a constant value as the adduct number increases. Results also show that alcohols from C6 to Cts are equally reactive to ethylene oxide on a molar basis.

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Applications of High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry to the Identification and Quantitative Analysis of Nonionic Sufactants.

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Viscoelasticity and microstructure of non-ionic microemulsions

Viscoelasticity and microstructure of non-ionic microemulsions

Determination of ethylene oxide content inn‐Alcohol ethoxylates by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Component distribution of alcohol ethylene oxide adducts

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