Applications of real-world gas detection: Airborne Natural Gas Emission Lidar (ANGEL) system

Stearns, Steven V.

doi:10.1117/1.2937078

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such plumes with a small spatial extent are of increasing concern, including industrial point source emissions, leaking gas pipelines (Murdock et al, 2008), and fugitive CH 4 emissions (Howarth et al, 2011). Imaging spectrometers permit direct attribution of emissions to individual point sources, which is particularly useful given the large uncertainties associated with anthropogenic emissions, including fugitive CH 4 emissions from the oil and gas industry (Petron et al, 2012;EPA, 2013;Allen et al, 2013), and the projected increase in these types of emissions (EPA, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Two quantitative retrieval techniques were evaluated to estimate methane (CH 4 ) enhancement in concentrated plumes using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). An iterative maximum a posteriori differential optical absorption spectroscopy (IMAP-DOAS) algorithm performed well for an ocean scene containing natural CH 4 emissions from the Coal Oil Point (COP) seep field near Santa Barbara, California. IMAP-DOAS retrieval precision errors are expected to equal between 0.31 to 0.61 ppm CH 4 over the lowest atmospheric layer (height up to 1.04 km), corresponding to about a 30 to 60 ppm error for a 10 m thick plume. However, IMAP-DOAS results for a terrestrial scene were adversely influenced by the underlying land cover. A hybrid approach using singular value decomposition (SVD) was particularly effective for terrestrial surfaces because it could better account for spectral variability in surface reflectance. Using this approach, a CH 4 plume was observed extending 0.1 km downwind of two hydrocarbon storage tanks at the Inglewood Oil Field in Los Angeles, California (USA) with a maximum near surface enhancement of 8.45 ppm above background. At COP, the distinct plume had a maximum enhancement of 2.85 ppm CH 4 above background, and extended more than 1 km downwind of known seep locations. A sensitivity analysis also indicates CH 4 sensitivity should be more than doubled for the next generation AVIRIS sensor (AVIRISng) due to improved spectral resolution and sampling. AVIRIS-like sensors offer the potential to better constrain emissions on local and regional scales, including sources of increasing concern like industrial point source emissions and fugitive CH 4 from the oil and gas industry.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, the observed COP plume extended more than 1 km; however, the Inglewood plume was much smaller, extending only 0.1 km downwind. Such plumes with a small spatial extent are of increasing concern, including industrial point source emissions, leaking gas pipelines (Murdock et al, 2008), and fugitive CH 4 emissions (Howarth et al, 2011). Imaging spectrometers permit direct attribution of emissions to individual point sources, which is particularly useful given the large uncertainties associated with anthropogenic emissions, including fugitive CH 4 emissions from the oil and gas industry (Petron et al, 2012;EPA, 2013;Allen et al, 2013), and the projected increase in these types of emissions (EPA, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

Thorpe¹,

Frankenberg²,

Roberts³

2013

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two quantitative retrieval techniques were evaluated to estimate methane (CH₄) enhancement in concentrated plumes using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). An Iterative Maximum a Posteriori Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (IMAP-DOAS) algorithm performed well for an ocean scene containing natural CH₄ emissions from the Coal Oil Point (COP) seep field near Santa Barbara, California. IMAP-DOAS retrieval precision errors are expected to equal between 0.31 to 0.61 ppm CH₄ over the lowest atmospheric layer (height up to 1.04 km), corresponding to about a 30 to 60 ppm error for a 10 m thick plume. However, IMAP-DOAS results for a terrestrial scene were adveresly influenced by the underlying landcover. A hybrid approach using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) was particularly effective for terrestrial surfaces because it could better account for spectral variability in surface reflectance. Using this approach, a CH₄ plume was observed immediately downwind of two hydrocarbon storage tanks at the Inglewood Oil Field in Los Angeles, California, with a maximum near surface enhancement of 8.45 ppm above background. At COP, the distinct plume had a maximum enhancement of 2.85 ppm CH₄ above background and was consistent with known seep locations and local wind direction. A sensitivity analysis also indicates CH₄ sensitivity should be more than doubled for the next generation AVIRIS sensor (AVIRISng) due to improved spectral resolution and sampling. AVIRIS-like sensors offer the potential to better constrain emissions on local and regional scales, including sources of increasing concern like industrial point source emissions and fugitive CH₄ from the oil and gas industry

show abstract

“…Advances have also been made in detecting trace concentrations of chemical species from industrial and power generation air pollution, biogenic processes, and leaks of methane and other gasses from mining, well drilling, fracking, and from buried natural gas pipelines 14 . Tunable lasers, laser diodes, and broad band supercontinuum lasers have opened opportunities to make measurements atmospheric composition over a wide range of wavelengths [15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lidar investigations of atmospheric dynamics

Philbrick

Hallén

2015

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ground based lidar techniques using Raleigh and Raman scattering, differential absorption (DIAL), and supercontinuum sources are capable of providing unique signatures to study dynamical processes in the lower atmosphere. The most useful profile signatures of dynamics in the lower atmosphere are available in profiles of time sequences of water vapor and aerosol optical extinction obtained with Raman and DIAL lidars. Water vapor profiles are used to study the scales and motions of daytime convection cells, residual layer bursts into the planetary boundary layer (PBL), variations in height of the PBL layer, cloud formation and dissipation, scale sizes of gravity waves, turbulent eddies, as well as to study the seldom observed phenomena of Brunt-Väisälä oscillations and undular bore waves. Aerosol optical extinction profiles from Raman lidar provide another tracer of dynamics and motion using sequential profiles atmospheric aerosol extinction, where the aerosol distribution is controlled by dynamic, thermodynamic, and photochemical processes. Raman lidar profiles of temperature describe the stability of the lower atmosphere and measure structure features. Rayleigh lidar can provide backscatter profiles of aerosols in the troposphere, and temperature profiles in the stratosphere and mesosphere, where large gravity waves, stratospheric clouds, and noctilucent clouds are observed. Examples of several dynamical features are selected to illustrate interesting processes observed with Raman lidar. Lidar experiments add to our understanding of physical processes that modify atmospheric structure, initiate turbulence and waves, and describe the relationships between energy sources, atmospheric stability parameters, and the observed dynamics.

show abstract

Applications of real-world gas detection: Airborne Natural Gas Emission Lidar (ANGEL) system

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

Retrieval techniques for airborne imaging of methane concentrations using high spatial and moderate spectral resolution: application to AVIRIS

Lidar investigations of atmospheric dynamics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About