Applications ofhydrogel‐baseddelivery systems in wound care and treatment: Anup‐to‐datereview

Abstract

Natural wound healing is a highly complex and regulated process. Disruption and barriers to cellular and tissue repair processes contributes to impaired wound healing, including sustained infections. Superficial wound healing requires many factors to work in concrete at the wound site, and thus many treatment options and wound dressings have evolved to address the barriers to wound healing. Biomaterials are proven to encourage the wound healing process by stimulating repair and regeneration of injured tissues and preventing wound infections. A wide range of natural and synthetic hydrophilic and porous formulations such as foams, films, fibers, and hydrogels have been examined for these applications. Among these formulations, polymeric hydrogels have gained considerable interest in the medical applications. They effectively absorb wound exudates and provide a moist environment for aiding the wound healing process. However, chronic wounds that are sustained longer might need supplementary healing features as addendums such as antimicrobials, stem cells, growth factors, peptides, vitamins, and natural compounds. Therefore, when combined with hydrogels healing supporting addendums promote rapid and effective wound healing. Although there have been several advancements in biopolymer-based hydrogel systems, only limited reviews on various management strategies in wound healing are available in medical research and applications.Therefore, in this review, we have compiled and integrated various hydrogel-based approaches with the potential to improve chronic wound healing and advance important outcomes. In addition, in-situ injectable hydrogel preparation that have the advantage of packing patient wounds of different sizes and using 3D printing based tailor-made hydrogels, and bio-inks for wound closure applications are also highlighted.

3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds Combined with Juglone for Skin Tissue Engineering

“…Three-dimensional-printing technology, comparing with other techniques, such as for instance electrospinning, can lead to more consistent films, and in this case the wound dressing materials can be used even in heavily supurated wounds. In addition, the design and the production of these films can be adjusted according to needs (such as water evaporation and oxygen permeation, both characteristics being extremely important in healing as well as anti-infective behaviour) [ 46 , 47 ].…”

A microplate‐based Response Surface Methodology model for growth optimization and biofilm formation on polystyrene polymeric material in a Candida albicans and Escherichia coli co‐culture

“…The increase in pH (alkaline pH) of wound site is known to induce biofilm formation 57 . Therefore preventing biofilm formation within the wound is the most important step during wound healing 59 . C. albicans colonize and survive in different anatomical sites such as gastroitestinal tract (pH 2.0–7.7), vagina (pH 4), and oral cavity (pH 7) within the host and survive by adjusting to the pH of the niches which is critical for its virulence and pathogenicity 60,61 .…”

“…57 Therefore preventing biofilm formation within the wound is the most important step during wound healing. 59 C. albicans colonize and survive in different anatomical sites such as gastroitestinal tract (pH 2.0-7.7), vagina (pH 4), and oral cavity (pH 7)…”

Recent advancements in wound management: Tailoring superwettable bio-interfaces

“…( Morgado et al, 2015 ). Skin tissue suffers from severe damages when high heat, pressure, genetic disorder and other related diseases occur, and might fail in self-regeneration unfortunately ( Divyashri et al, 2022 ). The injured wounds are classified based on the cause, depth, complexity and time of healing ( Iacob et al, 2020 ).…”