Applications of Spatial Light Modulators in Raman Spectroscopy

Abstract

Advances in consumer display screen technologies have historically been adapted by researchers across the fields of optics as they can be used as electronically controlled spatial light modulators (SLMs) for a variety of uses. The performance characteristics of such SLM devices based on liquid crystal (LC) and digital micromirror device (DMD) technologies, in particular, has developed to the point where they are compatible with increasingly sensitive instrumental applications, for example, Raman spectroscopy. Spatial light modulators provide additional flexibility, from modulation of the laser excitation (including multiple laser foci patterns), manipulation of microscopic samples (optical trapping), or selection of sampling volume (adaptive optics or spatially offset Raman spectroscopy), to modulation in the spectral domain for high-resolution spectral filtering or multiplexed/compressive fast detection. Here, we introduce the benefits of different SLM devices as a part of Raman instrumentation and provide a variety of recent example applications which have benefited from their incorporation into a Raman system.

Raman Microscopy: Progress in Research on Cancer Cell Sensing

“…However, Raman imaging experiments require the acquisition of many thousands of spectra and, typically, total acquisition times for these, depending on the desired spectral quality, would be in the order of a few minutes to several hours. Recently, the application of spatial light modulators (SLM) in RS has been demonstrated to create multifoci or light scanning for excitation of Raman scattering [ 43 , 44 ] or for a combination of structured illumination with compressive detection to improve the acquisition speed of Raman imaging [ 45 ].…”

Lensless Scheme for Measuring Laser Aberrations Based on Computer-Generated Holograms

“…In previous works of the authors [4,24], it was shown that convex optimization methods can be applied to solve the problem (1) in the range of ±λ/2 of wavefront aberrations, which can be increased up to ±5λ without loss in accuracy. Gradient descent, Newton's method, or particle swarm are among of the lots of other methods [25], which could be implemented to solve the problem (1). Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of wavefront aberrations measuring algorithm.…”

“…New methods and devices with a wide variety of properties and parameters [1][2][3] are being developed based on controllable optical components due to the variety and flexibility of such devices. Microdisplays are used more and more often as metrological tools for monitoring parameters of laser beams, in adaptive atmospheric sounding systems, imaging optical holography systems, etc.…”

Induction and measurement of the early stage of a host‐parasite interaction using a combined optical trapping and Raman microspectroscopy system

“…[13][14][15][16] By enabling control over the cell-cell interaction, optical trapping has enabled investigation of the early events in intercellular biological processes, such as phagocytosis and synapse formation. [19,20] HOT-RMS has potential for studying interaction between parasites and host cells noninvasively, and observing the molecular specific changes of isotope labels from the very earliest stages. [18] Recently, an integrated HOT and RMS system was demonstrated to be powerful for measurement and manipulation of live cells and organisms.…”

“…[18] Recently, an integrated HOT and RMS system was demonstrated to be powerful for measurement and manipulation of live cells and organisms. [19,20] HOT-RMS has potential for studying interaction between parasites and host cells noninvasively, and observing the molecular specific changes of isotope labels from the very earliest stages.…”