Applications of Upper Limb Biomechanical Models in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Gil-Agudo, Ángel; Ama-Espinosa, Antonio del; Reyes-Guzmán, Ana de los; Bernal-Sahún, Alberto; Rocón, Eduardo

doi:10.5772/19920

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The measured maximum torque for this actuator is 2.7Nm, the typical human isometric strength for elbow flexion/extension is 1.2Nm [22] which proves the viability of the soft modules to assist in these motions. When worn on the upper limb and actuated via inflation, a change in wedge angle would result which acts to generate a rotational motion, thereby assisting the movement of the elbow for extension and flexion while the control of air pressure in individual modules will contribute to the compliant assistance.…”

Section: Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Development of a wearable assistive soft robotic device for elbow rehabilitation

Oguntosin

Harwin

Kawamura

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)

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The loss of motor function at the elbow joint can result as a consequence of stroke. Stroke is a clinical illness resulting in long lasting neurological deficits often affecting somatosensory and motor cortices. More than half of those that recover from a stroke survive with disability in their upper arm and need rehabilitation therapy to help in regaining functions of daily living. In this paper, we demonstrated a prototype of a low-cost, ultra-light and wearable soft robotic assistive device that could aid administration of elbow motion therapies to stroke patients. In order to assist the rotation of the elbow joint, the soft modules which consist of soft wedge-like cellular units was inflated by air to produce torque at the elbow joint. Highly compliant rotation can be naturally realised by the elastic property of soft silicone and pneumatic control of air. Based on the direct visual-actuation control, a higher control loop utilised visual processing to apply positional control, the lower control loop was implemented by an electronic circuit to achieve the desired pressure of the soft modules by Pulse Width Modulation. To examine the functionality of the proposed soft modular system, we used an anatomical model of the upper limb and performed the experiments with healthy participants.

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Section: Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Development of a wearable assistive soft robotic device for elbow rehabilitation

Oguntosin

Harwin

Kawamura

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)

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“…The inertial sensors captured body movements, and the subject then became immersed in the VR scene, interacting with virtual environments and objects. The captured inertial sensor data and UL anthropometric data were used to develop a biomechanical model that has been previously reported [ 31 ]. This is a wireless system so subjects moved freely in the real world while manipulating virtual objects in the 3D virtual world.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the Virtual Reality System Toyra on Upper Limb Function in People with Tetraplegia: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

Dimbwadyo-Terrer

Gil-Agudo

Segura‐Fragoso³

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a virtual reality program combined with conventional therapy in upper limb function in people with tetraplegia and to provide data about patients' satisfaction with the virtual reality system. Thirty-one people with subacute complete cervical tetraplegia participated in the study. Experimental group received 15 sessions with Toyra® virtual reality system for 5 weeks, 30 minutes/day, 3 days/week in addition to conventional therapy, while control group only received conventional therapy. All patients were assessed at baseline, after intervention, and at three-month follow-up with a battery of clinical, functional, and satisfaction scales. Control group showed significant improvements in the manual muscle test (p = 0,043, partial η 2 = 0,22) in the follow-up evaluation. Both groups demonstrated clinical, but nonsignificant, changes to their arm function in 4 of the 5 scales used. All patients showed a high level of satisfaction with the virtual reality system. This study showed that virtual reality added to conventional therapy produces similar results in upper limb function compared to only conventional therapy. Moreover, the gaming aspects incorporated in conventional rehabilitation appear to produce high motivation during execution of the assigned tasks. This trial is registered with EudraCT number 2015-002157-35.

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“…Presence of a safety button for emergency stops Depending on the mathematical model and on the desired performance of the SWD, the closed-loop control strategy will be developed. Reported values of pressure [10], torque [35] or payload capacity [36] can be considered as reference for the associated control strategy.…”

Section: Phase 2: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Methodology for Soft Wearable Devices—The MOSAR Case

et al. 2019

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This paper proposes a methodology from the conception to the manufacture of soft wearable devices (SWD). This methodology seeks to unify medical, therapeutic and engineering guidelines for research, development and innovation. The aforementioned methodology is divided into two stages (A and B) and four phases. Stage A only includes phase 1 to identify the main necessity for a patient that will define the target of its associated device. Stage B encompasses phases 2, 3 and 4. The development of three models (virtual, mathematical and experimental physical) of the required device is addressed in phase 2. Phase 3 concerns the control and manufacture of the experimental physical model (EPM). Phase 4 focuses on the EPM experimental validation. As a result of this methodology, 13 mobility, 11 usability and 3 control iterative design criteria for SWD are reported. Moreover, more than 50 products are provided on a technological platform with modular architectures that facilitate SWD diversification. A case study related to a soft mobilizer for upper limb rehabilitation is reported. Nevertheless, this methodology can be implemented in different areas and accelerates the transition from development to innovation.

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Applications of Upper Limb Biomechanical Models in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Development of a wearable assistive soft robotic device for elbow rehabilitation

Development of a wearable assistive soft robotic device for elbow rehabilitation

Effectiveness of the Virtual Reality System Toyra on Upper Limb Function in People with Tetraplegia: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

Design Methodology for Soft Wearable Devices—The MOSAR Case

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