“…Initially, the PSO was developed to solve optimal problems in a continuous space. It was later adapted to solve problems in a discrete space of solutions (Kennedy & Eberhart, 1997;Al-kazemy & Mohan, 2000;Clerc, 2004;Yin, 2004;Badamchizadeh & Madani, 2010;Ho, Jian, & Lin, 2010;Liaoa, Tsengb, & Luarnb, 2007;Liu, Wang, Ding, & Gao, 2010;Yare & Venayagamoorthy, 2007). Miranda and Fonseca (2002) proposed a combination of the particle swarm optimization and evolutionary principle in which an evolutionary process creates new particles.…”