Apport Des Images ETM+ Et Du Modèle Numérique De Terrain (MNT) A La Cartographie Des Fractures En Région Montagneuse : Secteur De Timia (Massif De l’Aïr, Nord Du Niger)

Abstract

Timia is located at the Aïr massifs region. This locality, which is the substratum that constituted the basement formations, has some difficulty of water supply. This present study focuses on fractures mapping to acquire the best knowledge of the fractured aquifer in Timia zone. The methodological approach is based on landsat7 image processing and DEM, especially directional filtering and shaded digital terrain models. These diverse processing has shown complementarity between the satellites images and DEM in linear mapping on the one hand and in establishing a lineaments map on the other hand. The lineament map showed that the fractures network is distributed in the following directions: N0°-N10°, N140°-N170°, N 70°- N100°, and N30°-N50°. These fractures map, which was allowed to increase the density of faults from the previous studies, were used to actualize hydrogeological knowledge and in determining the favorable sites for drilling boreholes in Timia locality.

Fracture aquifers identification in the Zou basin (West Africa) using remote sensing and GIS

“…The orientations frequency and cumulative lengths are in the case of the visible fracture map, respectively, 16.4% for 1426.7 km, 14.6% for 1276.8 km and 8.8% for 773.9 km, in the case of the infrared fracture map respectively 16.2% for 1928.5 km, 6.8% for 805.6 km and 8.1% for 967.8 km and finally in the case of the PALSAR fracture map respectively 18.2% for 6024.9 km, 11.8% for 3916.4 km and 15.7% for 5216.5 km. The N10-N20 and N180 represent a significant orientation in the central area of Benin republic especially the Kandi Shear Zone (KSZ) related to the pan-African orogenic cycle as recognized by many authors (Breda, 1985, Adissin Glodji, 2012and Alhassane & al., 2018. Further, it characterizes the crystallophyllian orientation of schistose green rocks, gneisses (NS to NNE-SSW, NNW-SSE), migmatites, and the extension of granite and spilite-keratophyre massifs (Boukari, 1982, Breda, 1989, Akokponhoué & al., 2019and Oussou & al., 2019.…”

Contribution of Geophysical Prospecting (1D) to Characterize a Precambrian Basement Aquifers Agadez Region (North, Niger)

“…The Saharan continental trade winds after having crossed the central ergs is enriched around Aïr massif sprinkling all the southern regions with fine dust [20]. For wet sequences the annual average rainfall varies between 135.9 and 147 mm while for dry sequences it is only 79 to 95.4 mm [21]. International Journal of Geosciences…”

Application of Spatial Techniques for the Identification of Discontinuous Aquifers of the Basement in Semi-Arid Environment: A Case of Bagzan Mount Plateau, Aïr Massif (North, Niger)

“…In the basement area, the flow of water is mainly in the fractures and as a result, it is a privileged means of orientation of groundwater exploration. The study of fracturing is, therefore, essential for the research of groundwater resources in the crystalline and crystallophyllian zones [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. The use of spatial techniques such as remote sensing is a reliable approach to detect fractures in geological formations.…”

“…Several studies [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] relating to the application of remote sensing to characterize basement fracturing resulted in: 1) evidence of the importance of hydrogeological fracturing and 2) significant reduction in the failure rate of drilling. In Niger, few authors have been interested in studying the hydrogeological role of fracturing in cristallin basements related to groundwater exploration [7] [8] [14] [15] [16]. These studies show that the boreholes drilled near of faults are much more productive than those that are distant [8] [14], and the fracturing map from the work of [7] [15] [16] has been an important tool for decision-making in groundwater research in basement formation of Liptako and Aïr massif.…”

“…In Niger, few authors have been interested in studying the hydrogeological role of fracturing in cristallin basements related to groundwater exploration [7] [8] [14] [15] [16]. These studies show that the boreholes drilled near of faults are much more productive than those that are distant [8] [14], and the fracturing map from the work of [7] [15] [16] has been an important tool for decision-making in groundwater research in basement formation of Liptako and Aïr massif.…”