Appraisal of Chitosan-Gum Arabic-Coated Bipolymeric Nanocarriers for Efficient Dye Removal and Eradication of the Plant Pathogen Botrytis cinerea

Abstract

The treatment of textile wastewater comprising many dyes as contaminants endures an essential task for environmental remediation. In addition, combating antifungal multidrug resistance (MDR) is an intimidating task, specifically owing to the limited options of alternative drugs with multitarget drug mechanisms. Incorporating natural polymeric biomaterials for drug delivery provides desirable properties for drug molecules, effectively eradicating MDR fungal growth. The current study fabricated the bipolymeric drug delivery system using chitosan-gum arabic-coated liposome 5ID nanoparticles (CS-GA-5ID-LP-NPs). This study focused on improving the solubility and sustained release profile of 5I-1H-indole (5ID). These NPs were characterized and tested mechanically as a dye adsorbent as well as their antifungal potencies against the plant pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. CS-GA-5ID-LP-NPs showed 71.23% congo red dye removal compared to crystal violet and phenol red from water and effectively had an antifungal effect on B. cinerea at 25 μg/mL MIC concentrations. The mechanism of the inhibition of B. cinerea via CS-GA-5ID-LP-NPs was attributed to stabilized microtubule polymerization in silico and in vitro. This study opens a new avenue for designing polymeric NPs as adsorbents and antifungal agents for environmental and agriculture remediation.

A novel approach to control Botrytis cinerea fungal infections: uptake and biological activity of antifungals encapsulated in nanoparticle based vectors

“…Other studies were carried out to test biopolymeric drug delivery systems against B. cinerea . In a recent work, Raj and collaborators 31 showed that chitosan-arabic gum-coated liposome 5I-1H-indole nanoparticles were potent inhibitors against B. cinerea growth. Up to now, despite B. cinerea causing significant damage to agriculture every year, few data are available on its uptake of PLGA NPs.…”

Bacterial Cellulose: Production, Characterization, and Application as Antimicrobial Agent

“…Chemically, it is linear homopolysaccharide, composed of β-D-glucopyranose units that remain linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Apart from being the most important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, cellulose is found to also be present in bacteria [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Cellulose is a group of carbohydrates that contains considerable amounts of hydroxyl groups that remain existent in the form of polymer chain [ 4 ] and has wide applications in pulp and paper and pharmaceutical industries and as a renewable fuel source.…”

Cellulose Nanomaterials as a Future, Sustainable and Renewable Material

“…Cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) hold many interesting properties, for example, high mechanical strength, reinforcing capabilities, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and self-assembly in aqueous media which arises from its tunable shape, size, surface chemistry [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. CNs can be considered as one type of natural polysaccharides that are widely used as nanocarriers to effectively remove dyes [10] or in the pharmaceutical field as drug delivery [11]. Innovative technology and applications utilizing cellulose nanomaterials, for example, in antimicrobial materials, heavy metals, and dyes and adsorbents, have attracted tremendous efforts during the past few decades [2][3][4]6,12].…”