Aqueous plant extracts in the control of Bidens pilosa L.

Abstract

Secondary compounds have allelopathic action on germination and growth, and initial development of seedlings and beggar tick can have its germination and growth affected by the action of allelopathic extracts. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and sorghum extracts (Sorghum bicolor) on germination and initial growth of beggar ticks (Bidens pilosa). For this, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates and brachiaria, sunflower and sorghum extracts and control (distilled water) treatments. Extracts were obtained using 200 g of plant material and 1,000 mL of distilled water. Seeds were distributed in gerbox containing two sheets of germitest paper moistened with treatments and taken to germination chamber. Germination was daily monitored, and ten days after, initial growth was evaluated. Extracts did not reduce germination. However, they caused increase in germination time, mainly by brachiaria extract. Seedlings submitted to brachiaria and sorghum extracts showed lower growth. Brachiaria and sorghum extracts showed no action on germination, but controlled the initial growth of beggar tick, being potential natural herbicides.

Morphological and Biochemical Study of Bidens pilosa on the Effects of Extract of Urochloa ruziziensis

“…Allelopathy is defined as the direct or indirect inhibitory or beneficial effect of a plant on another living organism through the production of chemical compounds that are released into the environment (Bell & Koeppe, 1972;Gressel & Holm, 1964;Muller, 1966). Oliveira et al (2019) studied the allelopathic potential of Brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and sorghum extracts (Sorghum bicolor) on germination and initial growth of beggar ticks (Bidens pilosa). It was verified that Brachiaria and sorghum extracts showed no action on germination, but controlled the initial growth of beggar tick, being potential natural herbicides.…”

Do Aqueous Extracts from Buckwheat Compromise Seed Germination and Initial Development of <i>Bidens pilosa</i> and <i>Euphorbia heterophylla</i>?

“…Recently, Hesperozygis ringens extracts containing oxygenated monoterpenes and known as pulegone exhibited a high allelopathic potential capable of negatively interfering both initial growth and plant development [28]. Similar responses were reported for Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (common ragweed) extracts, which reduced initial development of soybean [29], whereas seeds of hairy beggarticks imbibed in aqueous extracts from Sorghum bicolor (shatter cane) and Brachiaria brizantha (palisade grass) reduced root and aerial part length, respectively [30]. Effects on root system and aerial part due to allelopathic compounds compromise establishment and seedling development of the plants, affecting plant competitiveness and impairing therefore life cycle of a specific-crop, especially when it comes to seed shedding into the soil system [31].…”

Potencial alelopático de extratos de Chloris gayana na germinação de soja e picão-preto

“…Entretanto, o potencial alelopático pode apresentar ação a nível de espécie específica (RADHAKRISHNAN et al, 2018), o que corrobora com a ausência de efeitos sobre a germinação de picão-preto (Figura 1A). Adicionalmente, Oliveira et al (2019), ao avaliarem o efeito alelopático de extratos de Brachiaria brizantha, Sorghum bicolor e Helianthus annus sobre picão-preto, observaram ausência de efeitos significativos sobre a germinação; contudo, o tempo médio de germinação e crescimento das plântulas foi afetado, similar aos resultados obtidos no presente estudo. Tais resultados podem estar associados às características particulares da célula vegetal, a qual pode reter compostos na parede celular, bem como selecionar moléculas via membrana plasmática, sem impactar a germinação inicial de sementes (TAIZ et al, 2017).…”