Aqueous Systems of Non-Ionic Detergents as Studied by X-Ray Diffraction

Marsden, S.S.; McBain, James W.

doi:10.1021/j150457a012

Cited by 57 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The 2 separate phases were prepared by mixing the reagents at room temperature, using the following compositions (in percentage of mass): 45.5% Renex TM , 9% cyclohexane (Synth) and 45.5% salts solution. This composition is analogous to the diagram obtained for Triton X-100, a surfactant similar to Renex-100 TM, 8 . The term "salts solution" refers to the solution used as a source of Ca 2+ and PO 4 3-for the synthesis of HAP, containing 1 mol.L -1 calcium nitrate (Synth) and 0.6 mol.L -1 phosphoric acid (Dinâmica), at pH 2.0.…”

Section: Preparation Of Liquid Crystalssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The fact that birefringence was observed in both preparations shows that, in spite of the difference in the number of EO groups between the 2 surfactants utilized, the preparation of these systems following the composition obtained from the phase diagram of Triton X-100 8 , resulted in liquid crystals in both cases.…”

Section: Identification Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The 2 H quadrupolar splitting detected in phases LCR60 and LCR100 (Figure 2), indicates that these phases are anisotropic 8 . The results obtained allow confirming that both phases as liquid crystals.…”

Section: Identification Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatite nanorods in liquid crystals

Campos

Bertran

2009

Mat. Res.

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Syntheses of calcium phosphate nanoparticles, carried out in systems formed from surfactant, oil and water, have resulted in materials with promising possibilities for application. The calcium phosphate particles were synthesized using two different liquid crystals, formed from Renex TM , cyclohexane and a salts solution. The morphology of the nanoparticles synthesized in the liquid crystals is similar to that of hydroxyapatite particles that form bone mineral, where collagen fibers connect these particles so as to form a composite. Therefore, the synthesis of calcium phosphate nanoparticles in the systems used in this work can advance current understanding of mineralization processes that result in the formation of bone mineral.

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Section: Preparation Of Liquid Crystalssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Identification Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatite nanorods in liquid crystals

Campos

Bertran

2009

Mat. Res.

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“…diethylene glycol monolaurate, glyceryl monolaurate). It has been previously shown by the authors (Marsden & McBain, 1948a) that for the ideal case of the expanding lamellar type in anisotropic liquid phases* the observed long spacing varies as the * This type had sometimes been termed the 'hydrous smectic liquid crystal', but it is believed that the terminology used here is more advantageous.…”

Section: By Jam~s W Mcbxrs and Sullivan S Marsden Jrmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is believed that the water goes into layers of uniform thickness between the McBain micelles. The repeating structure thus consists of a bimolecular layer of surfaceactive agent plus a layer of water; the resulting long spacing can be relatively large compared with ordinary molecular dimensions (some up to 200 A. have been found (Marsden & McBain, 1948a)). Some anisotropic phases of this subtype have been found to expand to a limit, after which all of the water added goes into another phase rather than into the aqueous layer (e.g.…”

Section: By Jam~s W Mcbxrs and Sullivan S Marsden Jrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structural types of aqueous systems of surface-active substances and their X-ray diffraction characteristics

McBain¹,

Marsden²

1948

Acta Crystallogr

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Gekoppelte Vorgänge beim Färbeprozeß

Luck

1960

Angewandte Chemie

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Die Erfolge der Textilchemie wurden meist mit Hilfe chemischer Methoden erreicht. Erst in letzter Zeit werden textilchemische Probleme mehr und mehr auch physikalisch-chemisch untersucht. Da es sich hierbei meist nicht um Einzelprozesse handelt, ist eine exakte quantitative Untersuchung sehr erschwert. Die vorliegende Arbeit sol1 die grol3e Zahl der bei einer textilchemischen Farbung nebeneinander ablaufenden Vorgange einzeln erkennen lassen und die Wirkung ihrer gegenseitigen Kopplung untersuchen. Zugleich liegt damit ein Beispiel fur den experimentell wenig untersuchten Fall gekoppelter Reaktionen vor, wie sie vor allem auch in der Biochemie, bei Reaktionen in Losungen oder bei der Katalyse eine Rolle spielen. A. UberblickAbb. 1 gibt einen Uberblick iiber die groBe Zahl von Vorgangen, an die wit beim Farben denken miissen. Der H a u p t v o r g a n g ist die W e c h s e l w i r k u n g d e s F a r bs t o f f e s rnit d e r F a s e r (1). Sie kann physikalisch-chemisch durch die thermodynamische A f f i n i t a t beschrieben werden. Die Affinitat sagt uns, wie groB die Farbstoff-Konzentration in der Faser-Randzone irn Verhaltnis zur Farbstoff-Konzentration in der Farbflotte ist. Im Gleichgewichtszustand, den wir beim Farben allerdings nicht immer erreichen, wird die Randkonzentration gleich sein der Farbstoff-Konzentration im Faserinnern.

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Aqueous Systems of Non-Ionic Detergents as Studied by X-Ray Diffraction

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatite nanorods in liquid crystals

Synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatite nanorods in liquid crystals

The structural types of aqueous systems of surface-active substances and their X-ray diffraction characteristics

Gekoppelte Vorgänge beim Färbeprozeß

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