Arabinogalactan from Western larch, Part III: alkaline degradation revisited, with novel conclusions on molecular structure

Ponder, Glenn R.; Richards, Geoffrey N.

doi:10.1016/s0144-8617(97)00099-4

Cited by 96 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An individual AG glycan consists of a b-1,3-galactan backbone with b-1,6-galactosyl branches that are decorated with arabinosyl residues and occasionally with minor sugar residues, such as glucuronic acid (GlcA), rhamnose (Rha), and Fuc (Carpita and Gibeaut, 1993;Ellis et al, 2010;Tan et al, 2010). However, as noted above, type II AGs are also found as side chains of the pectin RG-I (Caffall and Mohnen, 2009) and as free polysaccharides (Ponder and Richards, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

An Arabidopsis Cell Wall Proteoglycan Consists of Pectin and Arabinoxylan Covalently Linked to an Arabinogalactan Protein

et al. 2013

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Plant cell walls are comprised largely of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, along with ;10% protein and up to 40% lignin. These wall polymers interact covalently and noncovalently to form the functional cell wall. Characterized cross-links in the wall include covalent linkages between wall glycoprotein extensins between rhamnogalacturonan II monomer domains and between polysaccharides and lignin phenolic residues. Here, we show that two isoforms of a purified Arabidopsis thaliana arabinogalactan protein (AGP) encoded by hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein gene At3g45230 are covalently attached to wall matrix hemicellulosic and pectic polysaccharides, with rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I)/homogalacturonan linked to the rhamnosyl residue in the arabinogalactan (AG) of the AGP and with arabinoxylan attached to either a rhamnosyl residue in the RG I domain or directly to an arabinosyl residue in the AG glycan domain. The existence of this wall structure, named ARABINOXYLAN PECTIN ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN1 (APAP1), is contrary to prevailing cell wall models that depict separate protein, pectin, and hemicellulose polysaccharide networks. The modified sugar composition and increased extractability of pectin and xylan immunoreactive epitopes in apap1 mutant aerial biomass support a role for the APAP1 proteoglycan in plant wall architecture and function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

An Arabidopsis Cell Wall Proteoglycan Consists of Pectin and Arabinoxylan Covalently Linked to an Arabinogalactan Protein

et al. 2013

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“…Yet, published values of the arabinopyranose prevalence are up to 2% in arabinan [31,32] and 5-8% in arabinogalactan [33][34][35].…”

Section: Abp Releases Arabinopyranoside Residues From Natural Polysacmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abp gene in Geobacillus stearothermophilus T‐6 encodes a GH27 β‐l‐arabinopyranosidase

et al. 2012

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Edited by Miguel De la RosaKeywords: b-L-Arabinopyranosidase Glycoside hydrolase family 27 Arabinopyranose Sugar beet arabinan Larch arabinogalactan 13 C NMR a b s t r a c tIn this study we demonstrate that the abp gene in Geobacillus stearothermophilus T-6 encodes a family 27 glycoside hydrolase b-L-arabinopyranosidase. The catalytic constants towards the chromogenic substrate pNP-b-L-arabinopyranoside were 0.8 ± 0.1 mM, 6.6 ± 0.3 s À1 , and 8.2 ± 0.3 s À1 mM À1for K m , k cat and k cat /K m , respectively. 13C NMR spectroscopy unequivocally showed that Abp is capable of removing b-L-arabinopyranose residues from the natural arabino-polysaccharide, larch arabinogalactan. Most family 27 enzymes are active on galactose and contain a conserved Asp residue, whereas in Abp this residue is Ile67, which shifts the specificity of the enzyme towards arabinopyranoside.

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“…However, these numbers are approximate, since the yield of the methylation analysis was low, as mentioned earlier. For larch arabinogalactans, Ponder and Richards (1997b) suggested the presence of about 4% of unsubstituted (1fi3)-linked Galp-units.…”

Section: Galactose Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier it has been shown by Ponder and Richards (1997b) that arabinose is present as terminal Araf or as arabinobiosylgroups [b-LArap-(1fi3)-a-L-Araf-(1fi]. According to Karácsonyi et al (1984), Odonmazig et al (1994) and Ponder and Richards (1997a), C-5 in Arap units absorbs at d ¼ 63.8, 64.5 or 64.4 ppm, respectively.…”

Section: Arabinose Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural features of water-soluble arabinogalactans from Norway spruce and Scots pine heartwood

Willför

Sjöholm

Laine³

et al. 2002

Wood Science and Technology

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Isolated water-soluble acidic arabinogalactans from Norway spruce and Scots pine heartwood were analysed and compared to Siberian larch heartwood arabinogalactans. The carbohydrate monomer composition was determined by acid methanolysis and gas chromatography, while structural studies were performed by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and methylation analysis. The main structural features were found to be the same in the three types of arabinogalactans. However, the structure of the arabinogalactans from spruce and pine were found slightly different from the structure of larch arabinogalactans. The amount of single unit side-chains, consisting of arabinose and glucuronic acid units, was higher in the spruce and pine arabinogalactans than in the larch arabinogalactans. The amount of glucuronic acid was higher in the spruce arabinogalactans than in the pine arabinogalactans. The pine arabinogalactans had a higher amount of side chains with more than two sugar units than the spruce arabinogalactans.

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Arabinogalactan from Western larch, Part III: alkaline degradation revisited, with novel conclusions on molecular structure

Cited by 96 publications

References 20 publications

An Arabidopsis Cell Wall Proteoglycan Consists of Pectin and Arabinoxylan Covalently Linked to an Arabinogalactan Protein

An Arabidopsis Cell Wall Proteoglycan Consists of Pectin and Arabinoxylan Covalently Linked to an Arabinogalactan Protein

The abp gene in Geobacillus stearothermophilus T‐6 encodes a GH27 β‐l‐arabinopyranosidase

Structural features of water-soluble arabinogalactans from Norway spruce and Scots pine heartwood

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