Arbovirus Screening in Mosquitoes in Emilia-Romagna (Italy, 2021) and Isolation of Tahyna Virus

Calzolari, Mattia; Bonilauri, Paolo; Grisendi, Annalisa; Dalmonte, Gastone; Vismarra, Alice; Lelli, Davide; Chiapponi, Chiara; Bellini, Romeo; Llombart‐Bosch, Antonio; Dottori, M.

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01587-22

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although prior experiments were unable to establish that An. maculipennis were capable of being infected, recent evidence suggests that these mosquitoes are also exposed to TAHV in Italy (Calzolari et al, 2022). Outside mosquitoes, two isolations of TAHV have come from biting midges Culicoides in the Bohemian-Moravian highlands (Českomoravská vysočina).…”

Section: Mosqu Ito Vec Tor Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During these outbreaks, serological results showed that exposure to TAHV was higher in flooded and adjacent regions of large rivers, such as the Vltava, Thaya (Dyja) and Elbe, where massive populations of floodplain mosquitoes occur. The virus has been detected in various ecosystems, including the southern taiga, deciduous forests, steppes and semi‐arid zones in the central and southern areas of the Russian Plain, as well as in the Pannonian plains, and in the marshland plains of the Po river basin in Italy (Aspöck & Kunz, 1971; Calzolari et al, 2022; Camp et al, 2021; L'vov et al, 1987). Serological evidence suggests that TAHV activity also extends along the Danube River, from Austria to the delta in Romania (Arcan et al, 1974; Camp et al, 2018).…”

Section: Natural Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, evidence has implicated Ae. caspius as a vector in Italy (Calzolari et al, 2022). Thus far, only a few mosquito species meet the criteria for being considered a competent vector – i.e.…”

Section: Mosquito Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ťahyňa virus—A widespread, but neglected mosquito‐borne virus in Europe

Mravcová

Camp

Hubálek

et al. 2023

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Ťahyňa virus (TAHV) is an orthobunyavirus and was the first arbovirus isolated from mosquitoes in Europe and is associated with floodplain areas as a characteristic biotope, hares as reservoir hosts and the mammal‐feeding mosquitoes Aedes vexans as the main vector. The disease caused by TAHV (“Valtice fever”) was detected in people with acute flu‐like illness in the 1960s, and later the medical significance of TAHV became the subject of many studies. Although TAHV infections are widespread, the prevalence and number of actual cases, clinical manifestations in humans and animals and the ecology of transmission by mosquitoes and their vertebrate hosts are rarely reported. Despite its association with meningitis in humans, TAHV is a neglected human pathogen with unknown public health importance in Central Europe, and a potential emerging disease threat elsewhere in Europe due to extreme summer flooding events.

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Section: Mosqu Ito Vec Tor Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ťahyňa virus—A widespread, but neglected mosquito‐borne virus in Europe

Mravcová

Camp

Hubálek

et al. 2023

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…caspius pool collected in the municipality of Comacchio. Furthermore, TAHV was detected in 10 mosquito pools sampled in 2009, 2010, and 2020, confirming the continuous presence of the virus in this region [ 22 ]. In the present study, all tested Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Surveillance of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus in Urban Areas in Croatia—The “One Health” Approach

et al. 2022

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Background: Tahyna orthobunyavirus (TAHV) is a neglected mosquito-borne bunyavirus. Although the virus is widespread in continental Europe, TAHV infections are rarely reported. We analyzed the prevalence of TAHV in humans and different animal species as well as mosquitoes collected in urban areas of Zagreb and its surroundings in the period from 2020 to 2022. Methods: The study included 36 patients with neuroinvasive disease (NID), 218 asymptomatic individuals, 98 horses, 94 pet animals (dogs and cats), and 4456 Aedes vexans mosquitoes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine samples of patients with NID were tested for the TAHV RNA using a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Human and animal serum samples were tested for TAHV-neutralizing (NT) antibodies using a virus-neutralization test (VNT). Mosquito pools were tested for TAHV RNA using an RT-qPCR. Results: TAHV NT antibodies were detected in 3/9.4% of patients with NID, 8/3.7% of asymptomatic individuals, 29/29.6% of horses, and 11/11.7% of pet animals. There was no difference in the seroprevalence according to age, sex, and area of residence in asymptomatic individuals. In addition, TAHV seropositivity did not differ according to age and sex in pet animals. None of the tested mosquito pools was TAHV RNA-positive. Conclusions: The presented results highlight the importance of interdisciplinary surveillance (“One Health”) of this neglected viral zoonosis.

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“…West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus (genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae) that, since 1962 and similarly to other arboviruses (e.g., tick-borne encephalitis virus or TBEV) [1,2], has progressively become endemic in large areas of continental Europe [3][4][5][6][7][8], where it is mainly carried by endogenous mosquito species of the genus Culex (C. pipiens, C. peregrinus, and C. modestus) [7,9,10], with a more limited role for Aedes spp. [11][12][13]. Arthropod vectors then sustain the enzootic "amplification" cycle within the main hosts, migratory birds [5][6][7]9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

West Nile Virus Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study on Italian Medical Professionals during Summer Season 2022

et al. 2022

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West Nile virus (WNV) has progressively endemized in large areas of continental Europe, and particularly in Northern Italy, in the Po River Valley. During summer season 2022, Italy experienced an unprecedented surge in incidence cases of WNV infections, including its main complications (West Nile fever (WNF) and West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND)). As knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of medical professionals may be instrumental in guaranteeing a prompt diagnosis and an accurate management of incident cases, we performed a cross-sectional study specifically on a sample of Italian medical professionals (1 August 2022–10 September 2022; around 8800 potential recipients). From a total of 332 questionnaires (response rate of 3.8%), 254 participating medical professionals were eventually included in the analyses. Knowledge status of participants was unsatisfying, as most of them exhibited knowledge gaps on the actual epidemiology of WNV, with similar uncertainties on the clinical features of WNF and WNND. Moreover, most of participants substantially overlooked WNV as a human pathogen when compared to SARS-CoV-2, TB, and even HIV. Interestingly, only 65.4% of respondents were either favorable or highly favorable towards a hypothetical WNV vaccine. Overall, acknowledging a higher risk perception on WNV was associated with individual factors such as reporting a seniority ≥ 10 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.39, 95% Confidence interval [95%CI] 1.34 to 4.28), reporting a better knowledge score (aOR 2.92, 95%CI 1.60 to 5.30), having previously managed cases of WNV infections (aOR 3.65, 95%CI 1.14 to 14.20), being favorable towards a hypothetic vaccine (aOR 2.16, 95%CI 1.15 to 4.04), and perceiving WNV infections as potentially affecting daily activities (aOR 2.57, 95%CI 1.22 to 5.42). In summary, substantial knowledge gaps and the erratic risk perception collectively enlighten the importance and the urgency for appropriate information campaigns among medical professionals, and particularly among frontline personnel.

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Arbovirus Screening in Mosquitoes in Emilia-Romagna (Italy, 2021) and Isolation of Tahyna Virus

Abstract: We reported in this work the detection of three Arboviruses (Arthropod-borne viruses) in mosquitoes collected in Emilia-Romagna in 2021. In addition to West Nile and Usutu viruses, which were reported from more than 10 years in the study area, we detected and isolated Tahyna virus (TAHV).

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Ťahyňa virus—A widespread, but neglected mosquito‐borne virus in Europe

Ťahyňa virus—A widespread, but neglected mosquito‐borne virus in Europe

Surveillance of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus in Urban Areas in Croatia—The “One Health” Approach

West Nile Virus Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study on Italian Medical Professionals during Summer Season 2022

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