Arc-parallel shears in collisional orogens: Global review and paleostress analyses from the NW Lesser Himalayan Sequence (Garhwal region, Uttarakhand, India)

Biswas, Tuhin; Bose, Narayan; Dutta, Dripta; Mukherjee, Soumyajit

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105530

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…Two other slip senses: top‐to‐SE down (Figure 8c) and top‐to‐SW down (Figure 8d) noted in the Bhareli Formation are difficult to interpret and may be related to the orogen‐parallel ~E‐W extension phase of the Siwalik sequence in the phase 3 extension (Section 6). Orogen‐parallel shear has recently been discussed from sub‐Himalaya in Dutta et al (2019) and from the Lesser Himalaya in Mahato, Mukherjee, and Bose (2019) and Biswas, Bose, Dutta, and Mukherjee (2022), all from the western Himalayan sector. It is significant to note only a few places fault striae are documented.…”

Section: Field Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brittle tectonics in the western Arunachal Himalayan frontal fold belt, northeast India: Change in stress regime from pre‐collisional extension to collisional compression

et al. 2022

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The study of brittle deformation of the collisional mountains can explain its shallow crustal tectonic evolution and the palaeostress regime. The Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) zone in the western Arunachal Himalaya displays imbrication in the Permian Gondwana sequence between the MBT‐1 (/Bome Thrust/MBT‐Upper) in the north and MBT‐2 (/MBT‐Lower) in the south with consistent northerly dip. The Lower Gondwana rocks occur in the footwall of the MBT‐1 with the Proterozoic Bomdila Group in the hangingwall. The upper Gondwana rocks constitute the hangingwall sequence for the MBT‐2 with Neogene Siwalik rocks in the footwall. This article analyses palaeostress using brittle fractures in the Gondwana rocks that crop out for ~120 km2 in the study area. The fault‐bounded imbricate zone depicts eight brittle shear indicators and four sets of joints (J1 and J2: inclined and J3 and J4: subvertical). The signatures of the inherited pre‐Himalayan extensional deformation are preserved in the Lower Gondwana Miri Formation. The Bichom and Bhareli rocks exhibit brittle deformation features of the Himalayan Orogeny under strong ~N‐S compression. The palaeostress analysis of all joint sets indicates three phases of brittle deformation in the Gondwana and Siwalik rocks of the area. The subvertical joint sets and normal faults in the Miri Formation indicate a north‐northwest (NNW)‐directed extensional phase of the pre‐Himalayan origin. The inclined joint sets of the Bichom and Bhareli formations of the Gondwana sequence depict Himalayan orogeny with ~N‐S compressional phases. The third phase of brittle deformation in the Siwalik sequence depicts an east‐west (~E‐W) extension. The arc‐parallel extension in the frontal fold belt of the Arunachal Himalaya may be due to oblique India‐Asia collisional tectonics.

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Section: Field Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brittle tectonics in the western Arunachal Himalayan frontal fold belt, northeast India: Change in stress regime from pre‐collisional extension to collisional compression

et al. 2022

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“…In this study, the direct stress tensor inversion method [23] was adopted to compute the state of stress. The eastern margin of the Dead Sea [24], Ahar in NW Iran [25], SW Iran [26,27], Cascadia megathrust [28], south-central Vietnam [29], south Poland [30], the eastern margin of the Sichuan Basin, China [31], the western part of Central Iran [32], and the NW lesser Himalayan sequence [33] are some areas of the earth's crust where this type of research has been applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleostress Analysis in the Northern Birjand, East of Iran: Insights from Inversion of Fault-Slip Data

et al. 2022

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This research assessed stress regimes and fields in eastern Iran using fault-slip data and the tectonic events associated with these changes. Our stress analysis of the brittle structures in the Shekarab Mountains revealed significant changes in stress regimes from the late Cretaceous to the Quaternary. Reconstructing stress fields using the age and sense of fault movements showed that during the late Cretaceous, the direction of the maximum horizontal stress axes (σ1) under a compressional stress regime was ~N290°. This stress regime led to the uplifting of ophiolites and peridotites in eastern Iran. During the Eocene, the σ1 direction was NE-SW. The late Eocene and Oligocene stress states showed two distinct transpression and transtension stress regimes. This transition from transpression to transtension in the eastern Shekarab Mountains was the consequence of regional variations in stress regimes. The Quaternary stress state indicates that the tectonic regime in the Quaternary is strike-slip and the σ1 direction is ~N046°, which coincides with the current convergence direction of the Arabia–Eurasia plates. Our paleostress analysis revealed that four distinct stress regimes have been recognized in the area, including compressional, transtensional, transpressional, and strike-slip regimes. Our findings indicated that the diversity of the tectonic regimes was responsible for the formation of a variety of geological structures, including folds with different axes, faults with different mechanisms, and the current configuration of the Sistan suture zone.

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Structural and kinematic study of Ghuttu Window: Implication on the tectonic evolution of Bhilangana Formation, Central Crystalline Group, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Chauhan

Shankar

et al. 2022

J Earth Syst Sci

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Arc-parallel shears in collisional orogens: Global review and paleostress analyses from the NW Lesser Himalayan Sequence (Garhwal region, Uttarakhand, India)

Cited by 14 publications

References 199 publications

Brittle tectonics in the western Arunachal Himalayan frontal fold belt, northeast India: Change in stress regime from pre‐collisional extension to collisional compression

Brittle tectonics in the western Arunachal Himalayan frontal fold belt, northeast India: Change in stress regime from pre‐collisional extension to collisional compression

Paleostress Analysis in the Northern Birjand, East of Iran: Insights from Inversion of Fault-Slip Data

Structural and kinematic study of Ghuttu Window: Implication on the tectonic evolution of Bhilangana Formation, Central Crystalline Group, Garhwal Himalaya, India

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