Are non-verbal facial cues of altruism cross-culturally readable?

Tognetti, Arnaud; Yamagata-Nakashima, Noriko; Faurie, Charlotte; Oda, Ryohei

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.02.007

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This means that Japanese people need to pay more attention to subtle, difficult-to-control movements around the eyes. Indeed, one study revealed that French participants were unable to correctly estimate the altruism level of videotaped Japanese targets using the same stimuli in this study (Tognetti et al 2018). This may be explained by the French participants, who relied more on lower facial parts, not having enough altruistic cues in the Japanese targets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…This may be explained by the French participants, who relied more on lower facial parts, not having enough altruistic cues in the Japanese targets. To be precise, Tognetti et al (2018) did not use the Faith game to measure participants' evaluation of altruism in the targets. Therefore, it is possible that it was methodological, not cultural, differences that brought about the differences in results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to Detect Altruists: Experiments Using a Zero-Acquaintance Video Presentation Paradigm

et al. 2021

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In this study, we investigated the cognitive processes and nonverbal cues used to detect altruism in three experiments based on a zero-acquaintance video presentation paradigm. Cognitive mechanisms of altruism detection are thought to have evolved in humans to prevent subtle cheating. Several studies have demonstrated that people can correctly estimate levels of altruism in others. In this study, we asked participants to distinguish altruists from non-altruists in video clips using the Faith game. Participants decided whether they could trust allocation of money to the targets who were videotaped while talking to the experimenter. In our first experiment, we asked the participants to play the Faith game under cognitive load. The accuracy of altruism detection was not reduced when participants simultaneously performed a cognitive task, suggesting that altruist detection is rapid and effortless. In the second experiment, we investigated the effects of affective status on the accuracy of altruism detection. Compared with participants in a positive mood, those in a negative mood were more hesitant to trust videotaped targets. However, the accuracy with which altruism levels were detected did not change when we manipulated participants’ moods. In the third experiment, we investigated the facial cues by which participants detected altruists. Participants could not detect altruists when the upper half of the target’s face was hidden, suggesting that judgment cues exist around the eyes. We also conducted a meta-analysis on the effect size in each experimental condition to verify the robustness of altruism detection ability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Detect Altruists: Experiments Using a Zero-Acquaintance Video Presentation Paradigm

et al. 2021

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“…Individuals' assessments and decisions regarding a cooperative other rely on facial cues, including width-to-height ratio (Little, Jones, DeBruine, & Dunbar, 2013;Stirrat & Perrett, 2010 and the presence of a genuine (i.e., Duchenne) smile (Brown, Palameta, & Moore, 2003;Centorrino, Djemai, Hopfensitz, Milinski, & Seabright, 2015;Johnston, Miles, & Macrae, 2010;Oda, Naganawa, Yamauchi, Yamagata, & Matsumoto-Oda, 2009;Reed, Zeglen, & Schmidt, 2012). In addition, facial cues of cooperativeness are reliable and valid across cultures (Tognetti, Berticat, Raymond, & Faurie, 2013;Tognetti, Yamagata-Nakashima, Faurie, & Oda, 2018).…”

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Does he sound cooperative? Acoustic correlates of cooperativeness

Tognetti

Durand

Barkat‐Defradas

et al. 2019

British J of Psychology

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The sound of the voice has several acoustic features that influence the perception of how cooperative the speaker is. It remains unknown, however, whether these acoustic features are associated with actual cooperative behaviour. This issue is crucial to disentangle whether inferences of traits from voices are based on stereotypes, or facilitate the detection of cooperative partners. The latter is likely due to the pleiotropic effect that testosterone has on both cooperative behaviours and acoustic features. In the present study, we quantified the cooperativeness of native French‐speaking men in a one‐shot public good game. We also measured mean fundamental frequency, pitch variations, roughness, and breathiness from spontaneous speech recordings of the same men and collected saliva samples to measure their testosterone levels. Our results showed that men with lower‐pitched voices and greater pitch variations were more cooperative. However, testosterone did not influence cooperative behaviours or acoustic features. Our finding provides the first evidence of the acoustic correlates of cooperative behaviour. When considered in combination with the literature on the detection of cooperativeness from faces, the results imply that assessment of cooperative behaviour would be improved by simultaneous consideration of visual and auditory cues.

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“…In our setting, the cultural proximity of experimental samples (drawn from student populations in major French cities) naturally satises this requirement. However, recent evidence by Tognetti et al (2018) suggests that increasing the cultural distance between the interaction parties may aect the predictive value of non-verbal content, making it more useful within cultural proximity than across cultures. A natural question to ask is whether the rationality of preferences for observable information would persist in an inter-cultural setting.…”

Section: W T Avmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferences for observable information in a strategic setting: An experiment

Zylbersztejn

Babutsidze

Hanaki

2020

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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We experimentally investigate how much value people put in observable information about others in strategic interactions. The incentivized experimental task is to predict an unknown target player's trustworthiness in an earlier hidden action game. In Experiment 1, we vary the source of information about the target player (neutral picture, neutral video, video containing strategic content). The observed prediction accuracy rates then serve as an empirical measure of the objective value of information. In Experiment 2, we elicit the subjective value of information using the standard stated preferences method ("willingness to accept"). While the elicited subjective values are ranked in the same manner as the objective ones, subjects attach value to information which does not help predict target behavior, and exaggerate the value of helpful information.

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Are non-verbal facial cues of altruism cross-culturally readable?

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

How to Detect Altruists: Experiments Using a Zero-Acquaintance Video Presentation Paradigm

How to Detect Altruists: Experiments Using a Zero-Acquaintance Video Presentation Paradigm

Does he sound cooperative? Acoustic correlates of cooperativeness

Preferences for observable information in a strategic setting: An experiment

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