Are There Any Objections against Our Hypothesis That Buerger Disease Is an Infectious Disease?

Iwai, Takehisa; Umeda, Makoto; Inoue, Yasuhiro

doi:10.3400/avd.ra.12.00032

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thrombus formation was induced by injection of oral bacteria into rats [ 69 ]. From these results, they proposed a hypothesis that oral bacteria form microemboli with platelet aggregates, deposit in smaller vessels, and form thrombi [ 70 ]. In 1941, Thompson and Naide reported that dermatophytosis was common in BD patients; therefore, this fungal skin infection might play a causative or aggravating role in BD [ 71 72 ].…”

Section: Buerger’s Disease and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buerger’s Disease May be a Chronic Rickettsial Infection with Superimposed Thrombosis: Literature Review and Efficacy of Doxycycline in Three Patients

Chung¹,

Lee

Kang

2022

Infect Chemother

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Buerger’s disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown etiology. The infectious etiology of BD was proposed by Buerger in 1914. Furthermore, there are scattered reports insisting that BD may be related to rickettsial infection, first asserted by Goodman since 1916, followed by Giroud and other French investigators from the 1940s through the 1960s, Nicolau in the 1960s, Bartolo (1980s), and Fazeli (2010s). However, their causal relationship has hardly been accepted because rickettsial infections are known to be acute febrile, vector-borne illnesses, whereas BD is a chronic afebrile illness. In this article we review the relevant literature on the chronic nature of Rickettsia and Orientia infections and on the rickettsial etiology of BD. Excellent initial responses to doxycycline in three patients with BD are briefly described. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that BD patients acquired a rickettsial infection far before the onset of BD. Over years, the infected area expands to become a segment of the infected vessel. Subsequently, thrombus develops on the luminal surface of the infected endothelial cells, which produces the vascular obstructive manifestations of BD. Collectively, it is postulated that BD is a chronic infection with a member of the family Rickettsiaceae with superimposed thrombosis.

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Section: Buerger’s Disease and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buerger’s Disease May be a Chronic Rickettsial Infection with Superimposed Thrombosis: Literature Review and Efficacy of Doxycycline in Three Patients

Chung¹,

Lee

Kang

2022

Infect Chemother

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“…The literature shows small arterial changes are very common all over the body, but are symptomatic only in the extremities (Figure 3). This mechanism is specific in Buerger disease and considerably different from atherosclerotic disease including aneurysms [16,17]. …”

Section: Hypothesis and Future Views Of Buerger Disease Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, Periodontitis and Vascular Disease -Collaboration Study with Dentists and Vascular Surgeons

Umeda¹

2014

J Interdiscipl Med Dent Sci

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Weak oral bacteria such as periodontal bacteria have been observed in various arterial and venous lesions with epidemiological data reported prior to the discovery of bacterial invasion into vessels. Rich lymph vessels easily bring the bacteria from the mouth to the neck and the venous angle, which is directly open to the blood vessels. Periodontal bacteria travel within platelets. Periodontal bacteria, especially P. gingivalis aggregates platelets and forms thrombus. At the same time, secretions such as serotonin, various cytokines, and adhesion factors also appear in the blood. The characteristic of the arterial lesions are dependent on the age of the patient and the condition of the endothelial cells. In young patients, infectious incidents occur due to embolic mechanisms in Buerger disease or adhesion to the superficial veins valves in varicose veins. In aged patients, incidents result in adhesion in the proximal aorta, coronary arteries or large arteries. The hypotheses here unify the evidence or vessel lesion development and explain possible discrepancy between vascular diseases. We were able to emphasize the collaboration study in this study with dentists and vascular surgeons.

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“…6) In these clinical conditions, periodontal disease bacteria are said to enter the systemic circulation from the oral cavity by changing to a bacteremic state, before they damage the target tissues directly or via lipopolysaccharides originating from the bacteria and/or inflammatory mediators. 7,8) However, the idea that periodontal disease bacteria directly damage target tissues remains a hypothesis, 9) and the actual effects of administering periodontal disease bacteria to a target tissue, particularly blood vessels, remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether periodontal disease bacteria directly damage blood vessels by producing a model of periodontal disease bacteriainduced peripheral vascular disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Model of Peripheral Vascular Disease Involving the Intravenous Injection of Oral Bacteria

Igari

Inoue

Iwai³

2016

Annals of Vascular Diseases

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Are There Any Objections against Our Hypothesis That Buerger Disease Is an Infectious Disease?

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Buerger’s Disease May be a Chronic Rickettsial Infection with Superimposed Thrombosis: Literature Review and Efficacy of Doxycycline in Three Patients

Buerger’s Disease May be a Chronic Rickettsial Infection with Superimposed Thrombosis: Literature Review and Efficacy of Doxycycline in Three Patients

Smoking, Periodontitis and Vascular Disease -Collaboration Study with Dentists and Vascular Surgeons

An Experimental Model of Peripheral Vascular Disease Involving the Intravenous Injection of Oral Bacteria

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