Are Value Priorities Predictors of Prejudice? A Study With Italian Adolescents

Falanga, Rossella; Caroli, Maria Elvira De; Sagone, Elisabetta

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.250

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A high preference for self-transcendence values can undermine the negative effects of threat perception and of stereotypical beliefs resulting therefore in a form of expressed ageism which is less negative. These results corroborate the existing findings regarding racial prejudice (Feather and McKee, 2011;Falanga et al, 2015;Florez et al, 2019). Contrary to expectations, self-enhancement can also suppress negative forms of ageism, although the effect appears to be specific to young individual members of hierarchical non-Western cultures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For instance, Feather and McKee (2011) showed, in a study conducted in Australia, that social-dominance orientation and racism were positively correlated with values of S-EN but negatively with values of S-TR. A study done in Italy found that adolescents who scored low on a measure of blatant and subtle ethnic prejudice preferred S-TR values compared to adolescents with high scores who preferred S-EN values (Falanga et al, 2015). Another study, based in the United States of America (USA), showed that S-TR predicted lower prejudice towards black people (Florez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Extant Perspectives In Explaining Ageismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Value systems as motivational forces for the suppression of ageism towards older people amongst young adults: an analysis across countries

Stanciu

2020

Ageing and Society

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What explains ageism towards older people? Several answers exist in the literature, but it is still unclear whether the ageism people express has been altered by motivational forces (i.e. factors which carry or enact motivation, leading to action or thought) or whether an original, primal ageism can be expressed directly. Investigating populations of young adults (45 and younger), this article suggests that value systems are sources of internal and external motivational forces which work to either suppress or to justify both subtle and blatant forms of ageism. It was hypothesised that, at the individual level, values precede any threat perception and negative stereotypical beliefs associated with older people, leading to forms of ageism which match the motivational goals of a person's values. It was further expected that, at the cultural level, values represent the climate in which people express ageist beliefs. It was found that self-transcendence values can bypass the negative effects of threat perception and negative stereotypes, resulting in less-negative forms of ageism. A sample comprising a clear majority of hierarchical, non-Western cultures showed that self-enhancement values also contributed motivational strength for the suppression of blatant ageism. A practical implication of these findings is the possibility of further developing existing strategies of combating ageism by working to effect appropriate long-term changes in the values of young adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Extant Perspectives In Explaining Ageismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value systems as motivational forces for the suppression of ageism towards older people amongst young adults: an analysis across countries

Stanciu

2020

Ageing and Society

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“…Similar results were observed regarding prejudice toward Romani people in Spain (Martínez, Paterna, & Gouveia, 2006), and prejudice toward Africans in Italy (Falanga et al, 2015). In the Falanga et al (2015) study, the authors used the Portrait Values Questionnaire (Schwartz et al, 2001), observing that participants who scored higher in self-transcendence (or suprapersonal) values had less prejudice, whereas those who scored higher in conservation (or normative) and self-enhancement (or promotion) values showed more prejudiced attitudes. Other research has also shown that values are important predictors of prejudiced attitudes toward women (e.g., Belo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Prejudice From the Functional Theory Of Values Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 58%

“…To illustrate, prejudiced attitudes toward Black people in Brazil were stronger among those placing greater importance on power (a promotion value) while weaker among those placing greater emphasis on knowledge and maturity (two suprapersonal values; Vasconcelos et al, 2004). Similar results were observed regarding prejudice toward Romani people in Spain (Martínez, Paterna, & Gouveia, 2006), and prejudice toward Africans in Italy (Falanga et al, 2015). In the Falanga et al (2015) study, the authors used the Portrait Values Questionnaire (Schwartz et al, 2001), observing that participants who scored higher in self-transcendence (or suprapersonal) values had less prejudice, whereas those who scored higher in conservation (or normative) and self-enhancement (or promotion) values showed more prejudiced attitudes.…”

Section: Prejudice From the Functional Theory Of Values Perspectivementioning

confidence: 60%

“They are close to us, but we are so different from them”: Prejudice toward immigrants and indigenous peoples in Brazil.

Gouveia¹,

Araújo²,

Milfont³

2021

Intraregional Migration in Latin America: Psychological Perspectives on Acculturation and Intergroup Relations.

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immigrants have been associated with prostitution, thefts, and high rates of violence (Zuker, 2018); Indigenous Peoples are seen as primitives, lazy, and treacherous (M. E. O. ; and Northeasterners are commonly associated with poverty, low schooling, and closed-mindedness (Hofstede et al., 2010). Fortunately, however, the endorsement of these stereotypes and consequent prejudiced attitudes toward members of these minority groups vary among individuals, likely as a reflection of their distinct axiological principles and socio-ideological orientations. This chapter contributes to understanding intraregional migration and intergroup relations in Latin America by testing a model to explain prejudiced attitudes and, eventually, promote actions to mitigate prejudice toward minority groups. Our model focuses on two core constructs that are central in social psychology: human values (Gouveia, 2016;Maio, 2017) and broad socio-ideological attitude dimensions indexed by right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO), which have been shown to be the primary determinants of prejudice-related outcomes (Sibley & Duckitt, 2008;Sidanius & Pratto, 2001). The chapter starts with a brief overview of the sociohistorical context and theoretical models underpinning the empirical study conducted to test the proposed theoretical framework. BRIEF SOCIOHISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF MIGRATION AND INTERGROUP RELATIONS IN BRAZILBrazil has continental dimensions and vast regional diversity (e.g., settlement histories, climatic conditions, socioeconomic development, and cultural orientations). It is the fifth biggest country in the world both in terms of territory and population and occupies half of South America. In its 5 centuries as a country, Brazil has experienced migratory movements. Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Brazil has a population comprising six major groups: Indigenous Peoples (mainly from Tupi and Guarani language groups), Portuguese, Africans, other Europeans, Middle Easterners, and Asian immigrant groups. Migration and intergroup relations in Brazil thus include the colonization process of its Indigenous Peoples by the Portuguese, who then brought Africans as slaves and settled them mainly in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the country. European (e.g., Germans, Italians, Spaniards), Middle Easterner, and Asian (e.g., Japanese, Lebanese, Syrians) immigrants moved to Brazil later, settling mainly in cities in the Southeast and South regions.Brazilians have also migrated to other countries, and the globalization process makes the Brazilian borders tenuous, with many foreigners movingCopyright American Psychological Association. Not for further distribution. "They Are Close to Us, but We Are So Different From Them" • 229 *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001, two-tailed test. † p < .10. Venezuelan immigrantsIndigenous Peoples Northeasterners

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“…A short version of PVQ includes 21 items (PVQ-21: Schwartz, 2003) and the most recent version, developed to measure the 19 values of the refined theory, consists of 57 items (PVQ-57: Schwartz et al, 2012). In the current study, we used the original formulation of theory based on the ten value priorities, as in our previous investigations with Italian samples of preadolescents (De Caroli & Sagone, 2011), adolescents (in relation to prejudicial attitudes towards ethnic outgroup; see Falanga, De Caroli, & Sagone, 2015;personality traits: De Caroli & Sagone, 2011b), university students (in relation to motherhood and fatherhood: De Caroli & Sagone, 2011a) and adults (in relation to the role of vertical value transmission: and also with refugees asylum seekers (see Sagone & De Caroli, 2012). In all these studies, the widespread results have demonstrated that Italian adolescents and young adults consider really important the values of self-transcendence and openness to change while scarcely important the value of power, whereas the adults believe very important the values of conservation, that is, specifically security and tradition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are value priorities related to dispositional optimism and resilience? A correlational study

Sagone

Caroli

2016

CERJ

Self Cite

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The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between value priorities and two dispositional dimensions, optimism and resilience, in a sample of 307 healthy Sicilian adolescents (145 boys and 162 girls) aged from 14 to 18 years. We used the Portrait Values Questionnaire (Schwartz, 1992), the Resiliency Attitudes and Skills Profile (De Caroli & Sagone, 2014), and the Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1992). Results indicate that the value priorities of self-enhancement and openness to change are positively related to optimism; self-transcendence is positively related to all dimensions of resilience; conservation is positively related to adaptability, control, and engagement; the value priorities of self-enhancement and openness to change are positively related to sense of humor, competence, and adaptability. Additionally, boys perceive themselves as more optimist, humoristic, competent, and adapted than girls, while girls are more engaged than boys; furthermore, boys judge as mainly important the values of self-enhancement and openness to change, while girls judge as mostly important the self-transcendence. Future researches will deep the relationships among these three constructs in young adults and the elderly. Keywords: resilience; value orientations; optimism; adolescence.

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Are Value Priorities Predictors of Prejudice? A Study With Italian Adolescents

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Value systems as motivational forces for the suppression of ageism towards older people amongst young adults: an analysis across countries

Value systems as motivational forces for the suppression of ageism towards older people amongst young adults: an analysis across countries

“They are close to us, but we are so different from them”: Prejudice toward immigrants and indigenous peoples in Brazil.

Are value priorities related to dispositional optimism and resilience? A correlational study

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