Area-specific mapping of binocular disparity across mouse visual cortex

Chioma, Alessandro La; Bonhoeffer, Tobias; HuÌˆbener, M.

doi:10.1101/591412

Cited by 31 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mice can discriminate stereoscopic depth (Samonds et al, 2019) and disparity-sensitive neurons similar to those characterized in other mammals have been found in V1 (Scholl et al, 2013) and in higher-order areas LM and RL (La Chioma et al, 2019). Clear differences in neurons' preferred disparities were observed across these areas, with area RL being specialized for disparities corresponding to nearby visual stimuli (La Chioma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Disparity sensitivity and binocular integration in mouse visual cortex areas

Chioma

Bonhoeffer

Hübener

2020

Preprint

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Binocular disparity, the difference between the two eyes' images, is a powerful cue to generate the three-dimensional depth percept known as stereopsis. In primates, binocular disparity is processed in multiple areas of the visual cortex, with distinct contributions of higher areas to specific aspects of depth perception. Mice, too, can perceive stereoscopic depth, and neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) and higher-order, lateromedial (LM) and rostrolateral (RL) areas were found to be sensitive to binocular disparity. A detailed characterization of disparity tuning properties across mouse visual areas is lacking, however, and acquiring such data might help clarifying the role of higher areas for disparity processing and establishing putative functional correspondences to primate areas. We used two-photon calcium imaging to characterize the disparity tuning properties of neurons in mouse visual areas V1, LM, and RL in response to dichoptically presented binocular gratings, as well as correlated and anticorrelated random dot stereograms (RDS). In all three areas, many neurons were tuned to disparity, showing strong response facilitation or suppression at optimal or null disparity, respectively. This was even the case in neurons classified as monocular by conventional ocular dominance measurements. Spatial clustering of similarly tuned neurons was observed at a scale of about 10 μm. Finally, we probed neurons' sensitivity to true stereo correspondence by comparing responses to correlated and anticorrelated RDS. Area LM, akin to primate ventral visual stream areas, showed higher selectivity for correlated stimuli and reduced anticorrelated responses, indicating higher-level disparity processing in LM compared to V1 and RL.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Disparity sensitivity and binocular integration in mouse visual cortex areas

Chioma

Bonhoeffer

Hübener

2020

Preprint

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“…Even in the absence of horizontal head and eye movements and the asymmetry noted above, changes in the position of the two eyes as a consequence of head tilt could potentially perturb ocular alignment critical for binocular depth perception (Wallace et al, 2013). Despite this, there is evidence for neural representations of binocular disparities in mouse visual cortex (Scholl et al, 2013, La Chioma et al, 2019. Future experiments could investigate the link between the neural representations of binocular disparity, binocular gaze and visual behaviors in freely moving mice.…”

Section: Asymmetry In Horizontal Gaze Movements Between the Two Eyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two distinct types of eye-head coupling in freely moving mice

Meyer

O’Keefe

Poort

2020

Preprint

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SummaryAnimals actively interact with their environment to gather sensory information. There is conflicting evidence about how mice use vision to sample their environment. During head restraint, mice make rapid eye movements strongly coupled between the eyes, similar to conjugate saccadic eye movements in humans. However, when mice are free to move their heads, eye movement patterns are more complex and often non-conjugate, with the eyes moving in opposite directions. Here, we combined eye tracking with head motion measurements in freely moving mice and found that both observations can be explained by the existence of two distinct types of coupling between eye and head movements. The first type comprised non-conjugate eye movements which systematically compensated for changes in head tilt to maintain approximately the same visual field relative to the horizontal ground plane. The second type of eye movements were conjugate and coupled to head yaw rotation to produce a “saccade and fixate” gaze pattern. During head initiated saccades, the eyes moved together in the same direction as the head, but during subsequent fixation moved in the opposite direction to the head to compensate for head rotation. This “saccade and fixate” pattern is similar to that seen in humans who use eye movements (with or without head movement) to rapidly shift gaze but in mice relies on combined eye and head movements. Indeed, the two types of eye movements very rarely occurred in the absence of head movements. Even in head-restrained mice, eye movements were invariably associated with attempted head motion. Both types of eye-head coupling were seen in freely moving mice during social interactions and a visually-guided object tracking task. Our results reveal that mice use a combination of head and eye movements to sample their environment and highlight the similarities and differences between eye movements in mice and humans.HighlightsTracking of eyes and head in freely moving mice reveals two types of eye-head couplingEye/head tilt coupling aligns gaze to horizontal planeRotational eye and head coupling produces a “saccade and fixate” gaze pattern with head leading the eyeBoth types of eye-head coupling are maintained during visually-guided behaviorsEye movements in head-restrained mice are related to attempted head movements

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“…Recent electrophysiological recordings in the rat point to an even finer graded somatotopy representing the whisker rows in RL (Mohan et al, 2019). Interestingly, another recent study revealed that RL, which is typically considered a higher order visual area, is specialized for encoding visual stimuli very close to the mouse, within reach of the whiskers, suggesting the existence of a visuotactile map of near space in RL (La Chioma et al, 2019). While these insights provide some clarification of the gross functional organization of rodent PPC, further work is needed to disentangle the partially overlapping and intermingled connections with visual, auditory, and somatosensory areas that likely form the basis of the multi-sensory integrative power of PPC.…”

Section: Functional Organization Of Ppc With Respect To Sensory Modalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory and Behavioral Components of Neocortical Signal Flow in Discrimination Tasks with Short-term Memory

Gallero‐Salas

Laurenczy

Voigt

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In neocortex, each sensory modality engages distinct primary and secondary areas that route information further to association areas. Where signal flow may converge for maintaining information in short-term memory and how behavior may influence signal routing remain open questions. Using wide-field calcium imaging, we compared cortexwide neuronal activity in layer 2/3 for mice trained in auditory and whisker-based tactile discrimination tasks with delayed response. In both tasks, mice were either active or passive during stimulus presentation, engaging in body movements or sitting quietly. A and RL, respectively). In the subsequent delay period, in contrast, behavioral strategy rather than sensory modality determined where short-term memory was located: frontomedially in active trials and posterolaterally in passive trials. Our results suggest behavior-dependent routing of sensory-driven cortical information flow from modality-specific PPC subdivisions to higher association areas. Irrespective of behavioral strategy, auditory and tactile stimulation activated spatially segregated subdivisions of posterior parietal cortex (areas

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Area-specific mapping of binocular disparity across mouse visual cortex

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Disparity sensitivity and binocular integration in mouse visual cortex areas

Disparity sensitivity and binocular integration in mouse visual cortex areas

Two distinct types of eye-head coupling in freely moving mice

Sensory and Behavioral Components of Neocortical Signal Flow in Discrimination Tasks with Short-term Memory

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