Argon Inhalation Attenuates Retinal Apoptosis after Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in a Time- and Dose-Dependent Manner in Rats

Ulbrich, Felix; Schallner, Nils; Coburn, Mark; Loop, Torsten; Lagrèze, Wolf A.; Biermann, Julia; Goebel, Ulrich

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115984

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Ischemia and reperfusion (IRI) may be evaluated by strict standardization in the model of retinal IRI, which is frequently used by Ulbrich et al [27]. Rats receive retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells using fluorogold.…”

Section: Argon As a Neuroprotective Gaseous Molecule In Various Momentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Pathway of Argon-Mediated Neuroprotection

Ulbrich

Goebel

2016

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The noble gas argon has attracted increasing attention in recent years, especially because of its neuroprotective properties. In a variety of models, ranging from oxygen-glucose deprivation in cell culture to complex models of mid-cerebral artery occlusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage or retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in animals, argon administration after individual injury demonstrated favorable effects, particularly increased cell survival and even improved neuronal function. As an inert molecule, argon did not show signs of adverse effects in the in vitro and in vivo model used, while being comparably cheap and easy to apply. However, the molecular mechanism by which argon is able to exert its protective and beneficial characteristics remains unclear. Although there are many pieces missing to complete the signaling pathway throughout the cell, it is the aim of this review to summarize the known parts of the molecular pathways and to combine them to provide a clear insight into the cellular pathway, starting with the receptors that may be involved in mediating argons effects and ending with the translational response.

show abstract

Section: Argon As a Neuroprotective Gaseous Molecule In Various Momentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Pathway of Argon-Mediated Neuroprotection

Ulbrich

Goebel

2016

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Here, the neuroprotective properties of argon are well documented [5,7,9,25]. For example, Ryang et al [16] demonstrated significantly reduced infarct volumes after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion - without, however, influencing acute survival 24 h after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, different studies have demonstrated argon's protective effect on various cells and organs. This virtue has been proven for the sensory cells of the inner ear [4] and the retina [5] and for the neuronal cells of the cerebrum [6,7,8,9], as well as for individual organ functions including kidney and heart protection [10,11,12]. However, the underlying protective mechanisms are only partly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, the organ-protective effects of the noble gas argon on the liver have not yet been investigated. Based on the literature regarding argon's protective effect on various tissues [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12], our a priori hypothesis was that argon inhalation 60 min prior to partial hepatectomy (70%) has a positive effect on LR in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Argon Delays Initiation of Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The liver can heal up to restitutio ad integrum following damage resulting from various causes. Different studies have demonstrated the protective effect of argon on various cells and organs. To the best of our knowledge, the organ-protective effects of the noble gas argon on the liver have not yet been investigated, although argon appears to influence signal paths that are well-known mediators of liver regeneration. We hypothesized that argon inhalation prior to partial hepatectomy (70%) has a positive effect on the initiation of liver regeneration in rats. Methods: Partial hepatectomy (70%) with or without inhaled argon (50 vol%) was performed for 1 h. Liver tissue was harvested after 3, 36, and 96 h to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Histological tissue samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry (bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU], Ki-67, and TUNEL) and blood was analyzed regarding the effects of argon on liver function. Statistical analyses were performed using 1-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey-Kramer test. Results: After 3 h, the primary outcome parameter of hepatocyte proliferation was significantly reduced with argon 50 vol% inhalation in comparison to nitrogen inhalation (BrdU: 15.7 ± 9.7 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1 positive cells/1,000 hepatocytes, p = 0.013; Ki-67: 17.6 ± 13.3 vs. 4.7 ± 5.4 positive cells/1,000 hepatocytes, p = 0.006). This was most likely mediated by significant downregulation of HGF (after 3 h: 5.2 ± 3.2 vs. 2.3 ± 1.0 fold, p = 0.032; after 96 h: 2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 fold, p = 0.029) and IL-6 (after 3 h: 43.7 ± 39.6 vs. 8.5 ± 9.2 fold, p = 0.032). Nevertheless, we could detect no significant effect on the weight of the residual liver, liver-body weight ratio, or liver blood test results after argon inhalation. Conclusion: Impairment of liver regeneration was apparent after argon 50 vol% inhalation that was most probably mediated by downregulation of HGF and IL-6 in the initial phase. However, the present study was not adequately powered to prove that argon has detrimental effects on the liver. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of argon on livers with preexisting conditions as well as on ischemia-reperfusion models.

show abstract

“…NMDA receptors; TREK-1 channels, K-ATP channels) and has been demonstrated to be neuroprotective in a variety of models of ischemic & traumatic brain injury [2][3][4][5][6]. Argon has been less widely studied but has been shown to be neuroprotective in in vitro models of ischemic and traumatic brain injury [5,7] and in vivo in models of ischemic injury [8][9][10]. Argon is more abundant and less expensive to produce than xenon and, if equally safe & effective as a neuroprotectant, may be advantageous.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%